Author(s):
Miranda, Mafalda N.S. ; Pingarilho, Marta ; Pimentel, Victor ; Martins, Maria Do Rosário O. ; Vandamme, Anne Mieke ; Bobkova, Marina ; Böhm, Michael ; Seguin-Devaux, Carole ; Paredes, Roger ; Rubio, Rafael ; Zazzi, Maurizio ; Incardona, Francesca ; Abecasis, Ana
Date: 2021
Persistent ID: http://hdl.handle.net/10362/128853
Origin: Repositório Institucional da UNL
Subject(s): Europe; HIV-1 infection; Late presentation; Immunology and Allergy; Molecular Biology; Immunology and Microbiology(all); Microbiology (medical); Infectious Diseases; SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being; SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities; Microbiologia Médica
Description
Funding Information: This study was financed by FCT through the following projects: GHTM-UID/04413/2020, INTEGRIV (PTDC/SAU-INF/31990/2017) and the scholarship PD/BD/135714/2018 and Gilead Ge?nese HIVLatePresenters. Funding Information: Funding: This study was financed by FCT through the following projects: GHTM-UID/04413/2020, INTEGRIV (PTDC/SAU-INF/31990/2017) and the scholarship PD/BD/135714/2018 and Gilead Geénese HIVLatePresenters. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
To control the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) set the 90-90-90 target to be reached by 2020. One major threat to those goals is late presentation, which is defined as an individual presenting a TCD4+ count lower than 350 cells/mm3 or an AIDS-defining event. The present study aims to identify determinants of late presentation in Europe based on the EuResist database with HIV-1 infected patients followed-up between 1981 and 2019. Our study includes clinical and socio-demographic information from 89,851 HIV-1 infected patients. Statistical analysis was performed using RStudio and SPSS and a Bayesian network was constructed with the WEKA software to analyze the association between all variables. Among 89851 HIV-1 infected patients included in the analysis, the median age was 33 (IQR: 27.0–41.0) years and 74.4% were males. Of those, 28,889 patients (50.4%) were late presenters. Older patients (>56), heterosexuals, patients originated from Africa and patients presenting with log VL >4.1 had a higher probability of being late presenters (p < 0.001). Bayesian networks indicated VL, mode of transmis-sion, age and recentness of infection as variables that were directly associated with LP. This study highlights the major determinants associated with late presentation in Europe. This study helps to direct prevention measures for this population.
