Author(s):
Oliveira, Helena ; Maulvault, Ana Luísa ; Castanho, Sara ; Repolho, Tiago ; Valente, Luísa M. P. ; Pousão-Ferreira, Pedro ; Rosa, Rui ; Marques, António ; Anacleto, Patrícia
Date: 2023
Persistent ID: http://hdl.handle.net/10362/165174
Origin: Repositório Institucional da UNL
Subject(s): Bioenergetics; Climate change stressors; Excretion; Fish condition; Growth; Metabolism; Environmental Engineering; Environmental Chemistry; Waste Management and Disposal; Pollution; SDG 13 - Climate Action; SDG 14 - Life Below Water
Description
Funding Information: This work was supported by the FISHBUDGET - Effects of climate change on marine fish energy budgets ( PTDC/BIA-BMA/28630/2017 ) - project; benefited from the strategic project UIDB/04292/2020 awarded to MARE and the project LA/P/0069/2020 granted to the Associate Laboratory ARNET funded by the FCT / Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES), and through other national funds ( UIDB/50006/2020 ). The authors thank the Sparos, Lda company for providing the fish feed, and EPPO aquaculture research station team (Olhão) for providing juvenile fish for trails. FCT supported the contract of HO (through the FISHBUDGET project), PA (in the framework of CEECIND/01739/2017 ) and TR ( DL57/2016/CP1479/CT0023 ). Funding Information: This work was supported by the FISHBUDGET - Effects of climate change on marine fish energy budgets (PTDC/BIA-BMA/28630/2017) - project; benefited from the strategic project UIDB/04292/2020 awarded to MARE and the project LA/P/0069/2020 granted to the Associate Laboratory ARNET funded by the FCT/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES), and through other national funds (UIDB/50006/2020). The authors thank the Sparos, Lda company for providing the fish feed, and EPPO aquaculture research station team (Olhão) for providing juvenile fish for trails. FCT supported the contract of HO (through the FISHBUDGET project), PA (in the framework of CEECIND/01739/2017) and TR (DL57/2016/CP1479/CT0023). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors
Rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) are driving ocean warming and acidification, which may negatively affect the nutritional quality and physiological performance of commercially important fish species. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of ocean acidification (OA; ΔpH = −0.3 units equivalent to ΔpCO2 ~ +600 μatm) and warming (OW; ΔT = +4 °C) (and combined, OAW) on the proximate composition, fitness and energy budget of juvenile Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis). After an exposure period of 75 days, growth (G), metabolism (R) and excretion (faecal, F and nitrogenous losses, U) were assessed to calculate the energy intake (C). Biometric and viscera weight data were also registered to determine animal fitness. Overall, the proximate composition and gross energy were not significantly affected by acidification and warming (alone or in combination). Weight gain, maximum and standard metabolic rates (MMR and SMR, respectively), aerobic scope (AS) and C were significantly higher in fish subjected to OA, OW and OAW than in CTR conditions. Furthermore, the highest relative growth rates (RGR), specific growth rates in terms of wet weight (SGRw) and protein (SGRp), as well as feed efficiencies (FE) occurred in fish submitted to OW and OAW. On the other hand, fish exposed to CTR conditions had significantly higher feed conversion ratio (FCR) and ammonia excretion rate (AER) than those exposed to simulated stressors. Regarding energy distribution, the highest fraction was generally allocated to growth (48–63 %), followed by excretion through faeces (36–51 %), respiration (approximately 1 %) and ammonia excretion (0.1–0.2 %) in all treatments. Therefore, ocean warming and acidification can trigger physiological responses in juvenile Senegalese sole, particularly in their energy budget, which can affect the energy flow and allocation of its population. However, and in general, this species seems highly resilient to these predicted ocean climate change stressors.
