Author(s): Ribeiro, Gabriela ; Fernandes, Ana B. ; Oliveira, Francisco P.M. ; Duarte, João S. ; Oliveira, Manuela ; Limbert, Clotilde ; Costa, Rui M. ; Costa, Durval C. ; Oliveira-Maia, AJ
Date: 2024
Persistent ID: http://hdl.handle.net/10362/177172
Origin: Repositório Institucional da UNL
Subject(s): Neuroscience(all); Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all); Immunology and Microbiology(all); Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all); SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
Funding Information: GR was funded by doctoral fellowships from Universidade de Lisboa (BD/2015Call) and Funda\u00E7\u00E3o para a Ci\u00EAncia e Tecnologia (FCT; https:// www.fct.pt/; SFRH/BD/128783/2017). GR and AJOM were supported by the Champalimaud Foundation through a Clinical Kickstarter grant (https://www.fchampalimaud.org/). ABF was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship (SFRH/BPD/880972/2012) and is supported by apostdoctoral contract (DL 57/2016/CP1483/CT0001) and grant (PTDC/SAU-NUT/3507/2021)from FCT (https://www.fct.pt/). AJOM wassupported by grants from the BIAL Foundation(176/10) (https://fundacaobial.com/) and from FCT,through a Junior Research and CareerDevelopment Award from the Harvard MedicalPortugal Program (https://www.fct.pt/; HMSP/ICJ/0020/2011) and is funded by a Starting Grant fromthe European Research Council (ERC) under theEuropean Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research andinnovation program (https://erc.europa.eu/homepage; grant agreement No. 950357). Thefunders had no role in study design, data collectionand analysis, decision to publish, or preparation ofthe manuscript. Publisher Copyright: © 2024 Ribeiro et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Postingestive nutrient stimulation conditions food preferences through striatal dopamine and may be associated with blunted brain responses in obesity. In a cross-sectional study, we tested flavor-nutrient conditioning (FNC) with maltodextrin-enriched yogurt, with maltodextrin previously optimized for concentration and dextrose equivalents (n = 57), and to mask texture cues (n = 102). After conditioning, healthy volunteers (n = 52) increased preference for maltodextrin-paired (+102 kcal, CS+), relative to control (+1.8 kcal, CS-) flavors, as assessed according to intake, but not pleasantness. In a clinical study (n = 61), behavioral conditioning without effects on pleasantness was confirmed across pre-bariatric candidates with obesity, weight-stable post-surgery patients, and healthy controls, without significant differences between groups. Striatal dopamine D2-like receptor (DD2lR) availability, assessed with [123I] IBZM SPECT, was reduced in the obesity group and strongly correlated with conditioning strength and a measure of restrained eating in patients with gastric bypass. These results show that postingestive nutrient stimulation influences human food choices through behavioral reinforcement, and is conserved in obesity and after bariatric surgery.
