Author(s):
Martiniano, Rui ; Coelho, Catarina ; Ferreira, Maria Teresa ; Neves, Maria João ; Pinhasi, Ron ; Bradley, Daniel G
Date: 2014
Persistent ID: https://hdl.handle.net/10316/109682
Origin: Estudo Geral - Universidade de Coimbra
Subject(s): Archaeology; Black People; DNA, Mitochondrial; Genetics, Population; Genotype; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; History, 15th Century; History, 16th Century; Humans; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Principal Component Analysis; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Enslaved Persons
Description
An archaeological excavation in Valle da Gafaria (Lagos, Portugal), revealed two contiguous burial places outside the medieval city walls, dating from the 15(th)-17(th) centuries AD: one was interpreted as a Leprosarium cemetery and the second as an urban discard deposit, where signs of violent, unceremonious burials suggested that these remains may belong to slaves captured in Africa by the Portuguese. We obtained random short autosomal sequence reads from seven individuals: two from the latter site and five from the Leprosarium and used these to call SNP identities and estimate ancestral affinities with modern reference data. The Leprosarium site samples were less preserved but gave some probability of both African and European ancestry. The two discard deposit burials each gave African affinity signals, which were further refined toward modern West African or Bantu genotyped samples. These data from distressed burials illustrate an African contribution to a low status stratum of Lagos society at a time when this port became a hub of the European trade in African slaves which formed a precursor to the transatlantic transfer of millions.
