Descrição
Fundac??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Para? ? FADESP/Pro?-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Po?s-Graduac??o da Universidade Federal do Para? ? PROPESP Edital 2020-PIAPA; Coordenac??o de Aperfeic?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior ? ? CAPES ? Pro?-Amazo?nia, Grant No. 3311/2013; Programa Ciencias do Mar II; The Canadian Bureau for ? International Education (CBIE); Brazilian Research Council ? CNPq Grant No. 307749/2004-5 and 471077/2007-0; Fundac??o Amazo?nia de Amparo a Estudos e Pesquisas do Para? ? FAPESPA, ICAAF No. 039/2017; Fundac?o? para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (PTDC/MED-NEU/31395/2017, ? LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-031395 and UID/DTP/04138/2018- 2021), as well as by Santa Casa da Miserico?rdia (ALS Research Grant). Brazilian National Research Council - CNPq grants No 573739/2008-0, 457664/2013-4 and 303999/2016-0.
Universidade Federal do Par?. Hospital Universit?rio Jo?o de Barros Barreto. Instituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. Laborat?rio de Investiga??es em Neurodegenera??o e Infec??o. Bel?m, PA, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Par?. Hospital Universit?rio Jo?o de Barros Barreto. Instituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. Laborat?rio de Investiga??es em Neurodegenera??o e Infec??o. Bel?m, PA, Brazil / Universidade Federal do Par?. Faculdade de Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional. Bel?m, PA, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Par?. Hospital Universit?rio Jo?o de Barros Barreto. Instituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. Laborat?rio de Investiga??es em Neurodegenera??o e Infec??o. Bel?m, PA, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Par?. Hospital Universit?rio Jo?o de Barros Barreto. Instituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. Laborat?rio de Investiga??es em Neurodegenera??o e Infec??o. Bel?m, PA, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Par?. Hospital Universit?rio Jo?o de Barros Barreto. Instituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. Laborat?rio de Investiga??es em Neurodegenera??o e Infec??o. Bel?m, PA, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Par?. Hospital Universit?rio Jo?o de Barros Barreto. Instituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. Laborat?rio de Investiga??es em Neurodegenera??o e Infec??o. Bel?m, PA, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Par?. Hospital Universit?rio Jo?o de Barros Barreto. Instituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. Laborat?rio de Investiga??es em Neurodegenera??o e Infec??o. Bel?m, PA, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Par?. Hospital Universit?rio Jo?o de Barros Barreto. Instituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. Laborat?rio de Investiga??es em Neurodegenera??o e Infec??o. Bel?m, PA, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Par?. Hospital Universit?rio Jo?o de Barros Barreto. Instituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. Laborat?rio de Investiga??es em Neurodegenera??o e Infec??o. Bel?m, PA, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Par?. Hospital Universit?rio Jo?o de Barros Barreto. Instituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. Laborat?rio de Investiga??es em Neurodegenera??o e Infec??o. Bel?m, PA, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Par?. Hospital Universit?rio Jo?o de Barros Barreto. Instituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. Laborat?rio de Investiga??es em Neurodegenera??o e Infec??o. Bel?m, PA, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Par?. Hospital Universit?rio Jo?o de Barros Barreto. Instituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. Laborat?rio de Investiga??es em Neurodegenera??o e Infec??o. Bel?m, PA, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Par?. Hospital Universit?rio Jo?o de Barros Barreto. Instituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. Laborat?rio de Investiga??es em Neurodegenera??o e Infec??o. Bel?m, PA, Brazil.
Instituto Federal de Educa??o Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Par?. Laborat?rio de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia. Bragan?a, PA, Brazil.
Instituto Federal de Educa??o Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Par?. Laborat?rio de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia. Bragan?a, PA, Brazil.
Instituto Federal de Educa??o Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Par?. Laborat?rio de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia. Bragan?a, PA, Brazil.
Instituto Federal de Educa??o Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Par?. Laborat?rio de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia. Bragan?a, PA, Brazil.
Instituto Federal de Educa??o Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Par?. Laborat?rio de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia. Bragan?a, PA, Brazil.
Instituto Federal de Educa??o Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Par?. Laborat?rio de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia. Bragan?a, PA, Brazil.
Minist?rio da Sa?de. Secretaria de Vigil?ncia em Sa?de. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Laborat?rio de Microscopia Eletr?nica. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.
Minist?rio da Sa?de. Secretaria de Vigil?ncia em Sa?de. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil / Universidade do Estado do Par?. Departamento de Patologia. Bel?m, PA, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Par?. Hospital Universit?rio Jo?o de Barros Barreto. Instituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. Laborat?rio de Investiga??es em Neurodegenera??o e Infec??o. Bel?m, PA, Brazil / Minist?rio da Sa?de. Secretaria de Vigil?ncia em Sa?de. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Laborat?rio de Microscopia Eletr?nica. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.
University of Oxford. Department of Pharmacology. Oxford, United Kingdom.
University of Western Ontario. Advanced Facility for Avian Research. Department of Psychology. London, ON, Canada.
Universidade de Lisboa. Faculty of Pharmacy. Research Institute for Medicines. Lisbon, Portugal / Universidade de Lisboa. Faculty of Pharmacy. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines. Lisbon, Portugal.
Universidade Federal do Par?. Hospital Universit?rio Jo?o de Barros Barreto. Instituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. Laborat?rio de Investiga??es em Neurodegenera??o e Infec??o. Bel?m, PA, Brazil.
Microglial immunosurveillance of the brain parenchyma to detect local perturbations in homeostasis, in all species, results in the adoption of a spectrum of morphological changes that reflect functional adaptations. Here, we review the contribution of these changes in microglia morphology in distantly related species, in homeostatic and non-homeostatic conditions, with three principal goals (1): to review the phylogenetic influences on the morphological diversity of microglia during homeostasis (2); to explore the impact of homeostatic perturbations (Dengue virus challenge) in distantly related species (Mus musculus and Callithrix penicillata) as a proxy for the differential immune response in small and large brains; and (3) to examine the influences of environmental enrichment and aging on the plasticity of the microglial morphological response following an immunological challenge (neurotropic arbovirus infection). Our findings reveal that the differences in microglia morphology across distantly related species under homeostatic condition cannot be attributed to the phylogenetic origin of the species. However, large and small brains, under similar non-homeostatic conditions, display differential microglial morphological responses, and we argue that age and environment interact to affect the microglia morphology after an immunological challenge; in particular, mice living in an enriched environment exhibit a more efficient immune response to the virus resulting in earlier removal of the virus and earlier return to the homeostatic morphological phenotype of microglia than it is observed in sedentary mice.
