Autor(es):
Ahmed, Warish ; Simpson, Stuart ; Bertsch, Paul ; Bibby, Kyle ; Bivins, Aaron ; Blackall, Linda ; Bofill-Mas, Silvia ; Bosch, Albert ; Brandao, Joao ; Choi, Phil ; Ciesielski, Mark ; Donner, Erica ; D'Souza, Nishita ; Farnleitner, Andreas ; Gerrity, Daniel ; Gonzalez, Raul ; Griffith, John ; Gyawali, Pradip ; Haas, Charles ; Hamilton, Kerry ; Hapuarachchi, Chanditha ; Harwood, Valerie ; Haque, Rehnuma ; Jackson, Greg ; Khan, Stuart ; Khan, Wesaal ; Kitajima, Masaaki ; Korajkic, Asja ; La Rosa, Giuseppina ; Layton, Blythe ; Lipp, Erin ; McLellan, Sandra ; McMinn, Brian ; Medema, Gertjan ; Metcalfe, Suzanne ; Meijer, Wim ; Mueller, Jochen ; Murphy, Heather ; Naughton, Colleen ; Noble, Rachel ; Payyappat, Sudhi ; Petterson, Susan ; Pitkanen, Tarja ; Rajal, Veronica ; Reyneke, Brandon ; Roman, Fernando ; Rose, Joan ; Rusinol, Marta ; Sadowsky, Michael ; Sala-Comorera, Laura ; Setoh, Yin Xiang ; Sherchan, Samendra ; Sirikanchana, Kwanrawee ; Smith, Wendy ; Steele, Joshua ; Sabburg, Rosalie ; Symonds, Erin ; Thai, Phong ; Thomas, Kevin ; Tynan, Josh ; Toze, Simon ; Thompson, Janelle ; Whiteley, Andy ; Wong, Judith ; Sano, Daisuke ; Wuertz, Stefan ; Xagoraraki, Irene ; Zhang, Qian ; Zimmer-Faust, Amity ; Shanks, Orin
Data: 2021
Identificador Persistente: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.18/7884
Origem: Repositório Científico do Instituto Nacional de Saúde
Assunto(s): COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Wastewater; Surveillance; False-positive; False-negative; RT-PCR
Descrição
Wastewater surveillance for pathogens using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is an effective, resource-efficient tool for gathering additional community-level public health information, including the incidence and/or prevalence and trends of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater may provide an early-warning signal of COVID-19 infections in a community. The capacity of the world’s environmental microbiology and virology laboratories for SARS-CoV-2 RNA characterization in wastewater is rapidly increasing. However, there are no standardized protocols nor harmonized quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedures for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance. This paper is a technical review of factors that can lead to false-positive and -negative errors in the surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, culminating in recommendations and strategies that can be implemented to identify and mitigate these errors. Recommendations include, stringent QA/QC measures, representative sampling approaches, effective virus concentration and efficient RNA extraction, amplification inhibition assessment, inclusion of sample processing controls, and considerations for RT-PCR assay selection and data interpretation. Clear data interpretation guidelines (e.g., determination of positive and negative samples) are critical, particularly during a low incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater. Corrective and confirmatory actions must be in place for inconclusive and/or potentially significant results (e.g., initial onset or reemergence of COVID-19 in a community). It will also be prudent to perform inter-laboratory comparisons to ensure results are reliable and interpretable for ongoing and retrospective analyses. The strategies that are recommended in this review aim to improve SARS-CoV-2 characterization for wastewater surveillance applications. A silver lining of the COVID-19 pandemic is that the efficacy of wastewater surveillance was demonstrated during this global crisis. In the future, wastewater will play an important role in the surveillance of a range of other communicable diseases.
