Author(s): Lopes, Daniela ; Lopes, Joana ; Pereira-Silva, Miguel ; Peixoto, Diana ; Rabiee, Navid ; Veiga, Francisco ; Moradi, Omid ; Guo, Zhan Hu ; Wang, Xiang Dong ; Conde, João ; Makvandi, Pooyan ; Paiva-Santos, Ana Cláudia
Date: 2023
Persistent ID: http://hdl.handle.net/10362/152470
Origin: Repositório Institucional da UNL
Subject(s): Biomimetic; Cell membrane coating; Exosomal-membrane-coated nanoparticle; Exosome; Extracellular vesicle (EV); Medicine(all)
Funding This work was supported by grants from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) (SFRH/BD/148771/2019, 2021.05914.BD, PTDC/BTM-MAT/4738/2020), and also from the European Research Council—ERC Starting Grant (848325).
A bio-inspired strategy has recently been developed for camouflaging nanocarriers with biomembranes, such as natural cell membranes or subcellular structure-derived membranes. This strategy endows cloaked nanomaterials with improved interfacial properties, superior cell targeting, immune evasion potential, and prolonged duration of systemic circulation. Here, we summarize recent advances in the production and application of exosomal membrane-coated nanomaterials. The structure, properties, and manner in which exosomes communicate with cells are first reviewed. This is followed by a discussion of the types of exosomes and their fabrication methods. We then discuss the applications of biomimetic exosomes and membrane-cloaked nanocarriers in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, imaging, and the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we appraise the current challenges associated with the clinical translation of biomimetic exosomal membrane-surface-engineered nanovehicles and evaluate the future of this technology.
