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Spatio-temporal patterns of Nosema cerenae in the Azores archipelago

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Resumo:Nosema ceranae is a highly prevalent pathogen of Apis mellifera, which is distributed worldwide. However, there may still exist geographically isolated areas that remain free of this pathogen. While Nosema spp. spores have been identified in samples from the Azores archipelago since early 2000’s, whether those spores matched N. apis or N. ceranae was unknown until this study. To address this question, we used molecular tools (multiplex PCR and real-time qPCR) to scrutinize 474 colonies sampled from eight islands in 2014/2015 and 91 from four islands in 2020. The findings revealed that N. ceranae was not only present but also the dominant species in the Azores. In 2014/2015, N. apis was rare and N. ceranae prevalence varied between 2.7% in São Jorge and 50.7% in Pico. In 2020, N. ceranae prevalence increased significantly (p < 0.001) in Terceira and São Jorge, which also showed higher infection levels. The spatio-temporal patterns suggest that N. ceranae colonised the archipelago recently, and it rapidly spread across other islands, where at least two independent introductions might have occurred. Flores and Santa Maria have escaped the N. ceranae invasion, and it is remarkable that Santa Maria is also free of Varroa destructor, which makes it one of the last places in Europe where the honey bee remains naive to these two major biotic stressors.
Autores principais:Lopes, Ana
Outros Autores:Martín-Hernández, Raquel; Higes, Mariano; Henriques, Dora; Pinto, M. Alice
Assunto:Nosema ceranae Prevalence Azorean honey bees
Ano:2022
País:Portugal
Tipo de documento:documento de conferência
Tipo de acesso:acesso aberto
Instituição associada:Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
Idioma:inglês
Origem:Biblioteca Digital do IPB

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