Publicação
Microbial community of olives and its potential for biological control of olive anthracnose
| Resumo: | Olive anthracnose is an important fruit disease in olive crop worldwide and no effective method is currently available for their control. Fruit-associated microorganisms may be explored for designing new strategies for the biological control of this disease. The main aim of this work was to assess the diversity of fungal endophytes and epiphytes inhabiting olive fruits of two cultivars with different susceptibilities to olive anthracnose, and select the strains with the greatest antagonistic effect against Colletotrichum acutatum, the main causal agent of this disease. Culture-dependent method was used to assess fungal diversity in olives from cvs. Madural (susceptible) and Verdeal Transmontana (moderately tolerant), and the isolates obtained were identified for molecular identificantion using internal transcribed spacer (ITS1, 5.8, ITS2) region of the rDNA. The in vitro effect of the isolates against C. acutatum was analysed by the dual-culture method. Results revealed that only endophytic fungal communities composition differ significantly between cultivars. Cultivar Madural was distinguished by the higher abundance of Gibberella spp. whereas cv. Verdeal Transmontana was characterized by the exclusive occurrence of Neofabraea vagabunda. Although epiphytic community of both cultivars overlapped, several fungal genera preferred either olives from cv. Madural (e.g. Chaetomium) or from cv. Verdeal Transmontana (e.g. Cytospora, Epicoccum and Quambalaria). All the seven fungal tested were able to inhibited C. acutatum growth (inhibition coefficients up to 30.9), and caused morphological changes in its hyphae. Some fungi also inhibited significantly C. acutatum sporulation (from 46-86%) and germination (from 21-74%). Altogether, the results offer new insights into plant-microbe-microbe interactions and highlighted the potential use of these antagonistic fungi in the biocontrol of olive anthracnose. |
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| Autores principais: | Preto, Gilda Conceição Raposo |
| Assunto: | Olive anthracnose Endophytes Epiphytes Olea europaea Biocontrol |
| Ano: | 2016 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | dissertação de mestrado |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso restrito |
| Instituição associada: | Instituto Politécnico de Bragança |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Biblioteca Digital do IPB |
| Resumo: | Olive anthracnose is an important fruit disease in olive crop worldwide and no effective method is currently available for their control. Fruit-associated microorganisms may be explored for designing new strategies for the biological control of this disease. The main aim of this work was to assess the diversity of fungal endophytes and epiphytes inhabiting olive fruits of two cultivars with different susceptibilities to olive anthracnose, and select the strains with the greatest antagonistic effect against Colletotrichum acutatum, the main causal agent of this disease. Culture-dependent method was used to assess fungal diversity in olives from cvs. Madural (susceptible) and Verdeal Transmontana (moderately tolerant), and the isolates obtained were identified for molecular identificantion using internal transcribed spacer (ITS1, 5.8, ITS2) region of the rDNA. The in vitro effect of the isolates against C. acutatum was analysed by the dual-culture method. Results revealed that only endophytic fungal communities composition differ significantly between cultivars. Cultivar Madural was distinguished by the higher abundance of Gibberella spp. whereas cv. Verdeal Transmontana was characterized by the exclusive occurrence of Neofabraea vagabunda. Although epiphytic community of both cultivars overlapped, several fungal genera preferred either olives from cv. Madural (e.g. Chaetomium) or from cv. Verdeal Transmontana (e.g. Cytospora, Epicoccum and Quambalaria). All the seven fungal tested were able to inhibited C. acutatum growth (inhibition coefficients up to 30.9), and caused morphological changes in its hyphae. Some fungi also inhibited significantly C. acutatum sporulation (from 46-86%) and germination (from 21-74%). Altogether, the results offer new insights into plant-microbe-microbe interactions and highlighted the potential use of these antagonistic fungi in the biocontrol of olive anthracnose. |
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