Publicação
Optimization of biodiesel production through esterification catalysed by an acidic ionic liquid
| Resumo: | Recently, there is an increasing interest in the development of alternative technologies to the oil economy, based on renewable energy sources. A possible solution is a biofuel for compression-ignition or diesel engines, obtained from fat-rich biomass. Therefore, a wide variety of raw materials can be used for the production of biodiesel, ranging from waste oils to edible commercial oils. Biodiesel is chemically composed by a mix of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME’s), and it is usually produced by transesterification of triglycerides, from vegetable oils and animal fats, in the presence of homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts. However, alkali catalysts which provide high yields for the production of biodiesel in relatively mild conditions require previous neutralization of the oils. In fact, the use of high acidic raw materials may introduce operational problems, especially when resorting to second generation triglyceride sources. This type of raw materials, like waste cooking oils, do not compete with the food market, but usually feature high levels of free fatty acids (FFA’s), which may introduce complications in the classic production process of biodiesel, through alkaline transesterification. Thus, these problems can be partially prevented by the use of alternative acidic or basic catalysts, such as ionic liquids (IL’s) that also mediate esterification reactions of FFA’s to FAME’s. An increased interest in the application of IL’s in multiple fields has been observed lately, mainly as solvents and catalysts to a wide variety of reaction and/or separation systems. In this work, it is presented a study of the performance of the acidic IL, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([BMIM]HSO4), as a catalyst for the esterification of a mix of fatty acids (mostly oleic acid) to the respective FAME’s, using methanol. Multiple reaction batches were designed varying several operational parameters: temperature, reaction time, oleic acid/methanol mole ratio and mass of catalyst, in order to optimize the reaction yield. The prediction of the reaction yield was done using two indirect methods: measuring the final product acidic value through volumetric titration and assessing the total FAME content of the biodiesel product by Gas Chromatography (GC-FID). The GC-FID analysis made possible the identification and quantification of the several FAME’s present in the produced biodiesel. Using the conditions described above the reaction yields reach values as high as 90%, and the total weight content of identified FAME’s in the biodiesel product is 95-98%. Thus, it is concluded that the ionic liquid [BMIM]HSO4 proves to be a promising catalyst for esterification reactions, and a potential alternative for biodiesel production. |
|---|---|
| Autores principais: | Yordanova, Steliyana T. |
| Outros Autores: | Queiroz, Ana; Ribeiro, António E.; Brito, Paulo |
| Ano: | 2016 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | documento de conferência |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Instituto Politécnico de Bragança |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Biblioteca Digital do IPB |
| _version_ | 1867173244914630656 |
|---|---|
| author | Yordanova, Steliyana T. |
| author2 | Queiroz, Ana Ribeiro, António E. Brito, Paulo |
| author2_role | author author author |
| author_facet | Yordanova, Steliyana T. Queiroz, Ana Ribeiro, António E. Brito, Paulo |
| author_role | author |
| contributor_name_str_mv | Biblioteca Digital do IPB |
| country_str | PT |
| creators_json_txt | [{\"Person.name\":\"Yordanova, Steliyana T.\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Queiroz, Ana\",\"Person.identifier.orcid\":\"0000-0003-4761-0618\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Ribeiro, António E.\",\"Person.identifier.orcid\":\"0000-0003-4569-7887\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Brito, Paulo\",\"Person.identifier.orcid\":\"0000-0003-1805-0252\"}] |
| datacite.contributors.contributor.contributorName.fl_str_mv | Biblioteca Digital do IPB |
| datacite.creators.creator.creatorName.fl_str_mv | Yordanova, Steliyana T. Queiroz, Ana Ribeiro, António E. Brito, Paulo |
| datacite.date.Accepted.fl_str_mv | 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z |
| datacite.date.available.fl_str_mv | 2018-02-21T15:02:20Z |
| datacite.date.embargoed.fl_str_mv | 2018-02-21T15:02:20Z |
| datacite.rights.fl_str_mv | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| datacite.titles.title.fl_str_mv | Optimization of biodiesel production through esterification catalysed by an acidic ionic liquid |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv | Biblioteca Digital do IPB |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Yordanova, Steliyana T. Queiroz, Ana Ribeiro, António E. Brito, Paulo |
| dc.date.Accepted.fl_str_mv | 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z |
| dc.date.available.fl_str_mv | 2018-02-21T15:02:20Z |
| dc.date.embargoed.fl_str_mv | 2018-02-21T15:02:20Z |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv | application/pdf |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | http://hdl.handle.net/10198/15887 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv | eng |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Instituto Politécnico de Bragança |
| dc.rights.cclincense.fl_str_mv | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| dc.title.fl_str_mv | Optimization of biodiesel production through esterification catalysed by an acidic ionic liquid |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_c94f |
| description | Recently, there is an increasing interest in the development of alternative technologies to the oil economy, based on renewable energy sources. A possible solution is a biofuel for compression-ignition or diesel engines, obtained from fat-rich biomass. Therefore, a wide variety of raw materials can be used for the production of biodiesel, ranging from waste oils to edible commercial oils. Biodiesel is chemically composed by a mix of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME’s), and it is usually produced by transesterification of triglycerides, from vegetable oils and animal fats, in the presence of homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts. However, alkali catalysts which provide high yields for the production of biodiesel in relatively mild conditions require previous neutralization of the oils. In fact, the use of high acidic raw materials may introduce operational problems, especially when resorting to second generation triglyceride sources. This type of raw materials, like waste cooking oils, do not compete with the food market, but usually feature high levels of free fatty acids (FFA’s), which may introduce complications in the classic production process of biodiesel, through alkaline transesterification. Thus, these problems can be partially prevented by the use of alternative acidic or basic catalysts, such as ionic liquids (IL’s) that also mediate esterification reactions of FFA’s to FAME’s. An increased interest in the application of IL’s in multiple fields has been observed lately, mainly as solvents and catalysts to a wide variety of reaction and/or separation systems. In this work, it is presented a study of the performance of the acidic IL, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([BMIM]HSO4), as a catalyst for the esterification of a mix of fatty acids (mostly oleic acid) to the respective FAME’s, using methanol. Multiple reaction batches were designed varying several operational parameters: temperature, reaction time, oleic acid/methanol mole ratio and mass of catalyst, in order to optimize the reaction yield. The prediction of the reaction yield was done using two indirect methods: measuring the final product acidic value through volumetric titration and assessing the total FAME content of the biodiesel product by Gas Chromatography (GC-FID). The GC-FID analysis made possible the identification and quantification of the several FAME’s present in the produced biodiesel. Using the conditions described above the reaction yields reach values as high as 90%, and the total weight content of identified FAME’s in the biodiesel product is 95-98%. Thus, it is concluded that the ionic liquid [BMIM]HSO4 proves to be a promising catalyst for esterification reactions, and a potential alternative for biodiesel production. |
| dirty | 0 |
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| language | eng |
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| person_str_mv | Yordanova, Steliyana T. Queiroz, Ana Queiroz, Ana https://www.ciencia-id.pt/2611-D40C-3472 2611-D40C-3472 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4761-0618 0000-0003-4761-0618 Ribeiro, António E. Ribeiro, António E. https://www.ciencia-id.pt/3211-D5B0-870D 3211-D5B0-870D http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4569-7887 0000-0003-4569-7887 Brito, Paulo Brito, Paulo https://www.ciencia-id.pt/A31A-D845-A6E2 A31A-D845-A6E2 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1805-0252 0000-0003-1805-0252 |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Instituto Politécnico de Bragança |
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| spelling | engInstituto Politécnico de Bragançapt_PTRecently, there is an increasing interest in the development of alternative technologies to the oil economy, based on renewable energy sources. A possible solution is a biofuel for compression-ignition or diesel engines, obtained from fat-rich biomass. Therefore, a wide variety of raw materials can be used for the production of biodiesel, ranging from waste oils to edible commercial oils. Biodiesel is chemically composed by a mix of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME’s), and it is usually produced by transesterification of triglycerides, from vegetable oils and animal fats, in the presence of homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts. However, alkali catalysts which provide high yields for the production of biodiesel in relatively mild conditions require previous neutralization of the oils. In fact, the use of high acidic raw materials may introduce operational problems, especially when resorting to second generation triglyceride sources. This type of raw materials, like waste cooking oils, do not compete with the food market, but usually feature high levels of free fatty acids (FFA’s), which may introduce complications in the classic production process of biodiesel, through alkaline transesterification. Thus, these problems can be partially prevented by the use of alternative acidic or basic catalysts, such as ionic liquids (IL’s) that also mediate esterification reactions of FFA’s to FAME’s. An increased interest in the application of IL’s in multiple fields has been observed lately, mainly as solvents and catalysts to a wide variety of reaction and/or separation systems. In this work, it is presented a study of the performance of the acidic IL, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([BMIM]HSO4), as a catalyst for the esterification of a mix of fatty acids (mostly oleic acid) to the respective FAME’s, using methanol. Multiple reaction batches were designed varying several operational parameters: temperature, reaction time, oleic acid/methanol mole ratio and mass of catalyst, in order to optimize the reaction yield. The prediction of the reaction yield was done using two indirect methods: measuring the final product acidic value through volumetric titration and assessing the total FAME content of the biodiesel product by Gas Chromatography (GC-FID). The GC-FID analysis made possible the identification and quantification of the several FAME’s present in the produced biodiesel. Using the conditions described above the reaction yields reach values as high as 90%, and the total weight content of identified FAME’s in the biodiesel product is 95-98%. Thus, it is concluded that the ionic liquid [BMIM]HSO4 proves to be a promising catalyst for esterification reactions, and a potential alternative for biodiesel production.application/pdfpt_PTOptimization of biodiesel production through esterification catalysed by an acidic ionic liquidYordanova, Steliyana T.PersonalQueiroz, AnaDSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/508436a2-5db1-481e-9c48-eab160333d61DSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/508436a2-5db1-481e-9c48-eab160333d61QueirozAnaCiência IDhttps://www.ciencia-id.pt2611-D40C-3472ORCIDhttp://orcid.org0000-0003-4761-0618Researcher IDhttps://www.researcherid.comO-8367-2015PersonalRibeiro, António E.DSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/52666376-f100-4407-87ef-dc5df3613761DSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/52666376-f100-4407-87ef-dc5df3613761RibeiroAntónio E.Ciência IDhttps://www.ciencia-id.pt3211-D5B0-870DORCIDhttp://orcid.org0000-0003-4569-7887Scopus Author IDhttps://www.scopus.com23390701300Scopus Author IDhttps://www.scopus.com57202082018PersonalBrito, PauloDSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/0370deac-dc4e-4b3d-8e1f-fc2d117794d2DSpacehttp://dspace.org/items/0370deac-dc4e-4b3d-8e1f-fc2d117794d2BritoPauloCiência IDhttps://www.ciencia-id.ptA31A-D845-A6E2ORCIDhttp://orcid.org0000-0003-1805-0252Scopus Author IDhttps://www.scopus.com31168231800HostingInstitutionOrganizationalBiblioteca Digital do IPBe-mailmailto:dspace@ipb.ptdspace@ipb.ptISSNIsPartOf978-989-8124-17-32018-02-21T15:02:20Z20162016-01-01T00:00:00ZHandlehttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/15887http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2open access1409028 bytesother research producthttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_c94fconference object2016http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2application/pdffulltexthttps://bibliotecadigital.ipb.pt/bitstreams/725c6748-c592-4a87-9eff-341202ea4c88/downloadXXII Encontro Luso-Galego de QuímicaBragança |
| spellingShingle | Optimization of biodiesel production through esterification catalysed by an acidic ionic liquid Yordanova, Steliyana T. |
| status | SINGLETON |
| title | Optimization of biodiesel production through esterification catalysed by an acidic ionic liquid |
| title_full | Optimization of biodiesel production through esterification catalysed by an acidic ionic liquid |
| title_fullStr | Optimization of biodiesel production through esterification catalysed by an acidic ionic liquid |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of biodiesel production through esterification catalysed by an acidic ionic liquid |
| title_short | Optimization of biodiesel production through esterification catalysed by an acidic ionic liquid |
| title_sort | Optimization of biodiesel production through esterification catalysed by an acidic ionic liquid |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10198/15887 |
| visible | 1 |