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Brewer's yeast polysaccharides: a review of their exquisite structural features and biomedical applications

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Summary:Recent advances on brewer’s yeast cell wall polysaccharides have unraveled exquisite structural features and diverse composition with (β1→3), (β1→6), (α1→4), (β1→4)- mix-linked glucans that are recognized to interact with different cell receptors and trigger specific biological responses. Herein, a comprehensive showcase of structurebiofunctional relationships between yeast polysaccharides and their biological targets is highlighted, with a focus on polysaccharide features that govern the biomedical activity. The insolubility of β-glucans is a crucial factor for binding and activation of Dectin-1 receptor, operating as adjuvants of immune responses. Contrarily, soluble low molecular weight β-glucans have a strong inhibition of reactive oxygen species production, acting as antagonists of Dectin-1 mediated signaling. Soluble glucan-protein moieties can also act as antitumoral agents. The balance between mannoproteins-TLR2 and β-glucans-Dectin-1 receptors-activation is crucial for osteogenesis. Biomedical applications value can also be obtained from yeast microcapsules as oral delivery systems, where highly branched (β1→6)-glucans lead to higher receptor affinity.
Main Authors:Bastos, Rita
Other Authors:Oliveira, Patrícia G.; Gaspar, Vítor M.; Mano, João F.; Coimbra, Manuel A.; Coelho, Elisabete
Subject:Brewer’s spent yeast Beta-glucan Mannoprotein Microcapsule Regenerative medicine Drug delivery
Year:2022
Country:Portugal
Document type:article
Access type:open access
Associated institution:Universidade de Aveiro
Language:English
Origin:RIA - Repositório Institucional da Universidade de Aveiro

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