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Development and evaluation of a principal component-based composite drought index considering temporal lag dependencies among indices
| Resumo: | This study introduces a composite drought index (CDI) that integrates multiple drought indices, including the Simplified Standardized Precipitation Index (SSPI), Simplified Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SSPEI), soil moisture measured at depths of 0–10 cm (SM1) and 10–40 cm (SM2), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and Vegetation Health Index (VHI), using principal component analysis (PCA). Data for Precipitation, temperature, SM1, SM2, NDVI, and VHI were re-gridded to a spatial resolution of 0.25° × 0.25° and used to compute SSPI and SSPEI over 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month timescales for grid points across Iran. SM1, SM2, NDVI, and VHI were similarly aggregated at these timescales and standardized using Box-Cox transformation. To facilitate PCA, the temporal lag dependency was adjusted to align all indices with SSPI as the primary reference, eliminating lag correlations. The analysis revealed a strong correlation between SSPI and SSPEI (r > 0.8) across most grids and timescales, alongside significant but weaker correlations with SM1 and SM2 (r > 0.5), VHI (r > 0.6), and NDVI (r > 0.4). The first principal component (PC1), representing the CDI, captured the majority of variance in the data matrix. Additional PCs explaining over 10% of the variance were combined to form a weighted version of the index (CDIw). While CDI showed the strongest correlation with SSPI and SSPEI, CDIw exhibited greater correlations with SM1, SM2, VHI, and NDVI, though with a slight reduction in its relationship with SSPI and SSPEI. Both CDI and CDIw demonstrated strong correlations with the Palmer Drought Severity Index, confirming their effectiveness in monitoring drought conditions in the study area. |
|---|---|
| Autores principais: | Raziei, Tayeb |
| Outros Autores: | Miri, Morteza; Santos, João; Zand, Mehran; Pereira, Luis S. |
| Assunto: | Composite drought index Lag correlation CDI and CDIw drought indices Vegetation and soil moisture indices Palmer drought severity index |
| Ano: | 2025 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | artigo |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso embargado |
| Instituição associada: | Instituto Politécnico de Beja |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Repositório Institucional do IPBeja |
| _version_ | 1869070511372238848 |
|---|---|
| author | Raziei, Tayeb |
| author2 | Miri, Morteza Santos, João Zand, Mehran Pereira, Luis S. |
| author2_role | author author author author |
| author_facet | Raziei, Tayeb Miri, Morteza Santos, João Zand, Mehran Pereira, Luis S. |
| author_role | author |
| country_str | PT |
| creators_json_txt | [{\"Person.name\":\"Raziei, Tayeb\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Miri, Morteza\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Santos, João\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Zand, Mehran\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Pereira, Luis S.\"}] |
| datacite.creators.creator.creatorName.fl_str_mv | Raziei, Tayeb Miri, Morteza Santos, João Zand, Mehran Pereira, Luis S. |
| datacite.date.Accepted.fl_str_mv | 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z |
| datacite.date.available.fl_str_mv | 2025-12-22T12:02:47Z |
| datacite.date.embargoed.fl_str_mv | 2025-12-22T12:02:47Z |
| datacite.rights.fl_str_mv | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_f1cf |
| datacite.subjects.subject.fl_str_mv | Composite drought index Lag correlation CDI and CDIw drought indices Vegetation and soil moisture indices Palmer drought severity index |
| datacite.titles.title.fl_str_mv | Development and evaluation of a principal component-based composite drought index considering temporal lag dependencies among indices |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Raziei, Tayeb Miri, Morteza Santos, João Zand, Mehran Pereira, Luis S. |
| dc.date.Accepted.fl_str_mv | 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z |
| dc.date.available.fl_str_mv | 2025-12-22T12:02:47Z |
| dc.date.embargoed.fl_str_mv | 2025-12-22T12:02:47Z |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv | application/pdf |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | https://repositorio.ipbeja.pt/handle/20.500.12207/6994 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv | eng |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Springer Nature |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_f1cf |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Composite drought index Lag correlation CDI and CDIw drought indices Vegetation and soil moisture indices Palmer drought severity index |
| dc.title.fl_str_mv | Development and evaluation of a principal component-based composite drought index considering temporal lag dependencies among indices |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
| description | This study introduces a composite drought index (CDI) that integrates multiple drought indices, including the Simplified Standardized Precipitation Index (SSPI), Simplified Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SSPEI), soil moisture measured at depths of 0–10 cm (SM1) and 10–40 cm (SM2), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and Vegetation Health Index (VHI), using principal component analysis (PCA). Data for Precipitation, temperature, SM1, SM2, NDVI, and VHI were re-gridded to a spatial resolution of 0.25° × 0.25° and used to compute SSPI and SSPEI over 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month timescales for grid points across Iran. SM1, SM2, NDVI, and VHI were similarly aggregated at these timescales and standardized using Box-Cox transformation. To facilitate PCA, the temporal lag dependency was adjusted to align all indices with SSPI as the primary reference, eliminating lag correlations. The analysis revealed a strong correlation between SSPI and SSPEI (r > 0.8) across most grids and timescales, alongside significant but weaker correlations with SM1 and SM2 (r > 0.5), VHI (r > 0.6), and NDVI (r > 0.4). The first principal component (PC1), representing the CDI, captured the majority of variance in the data matrix. Additional PCs explaining over 10% of the variance were combined to form a weighted version of the index (CDIw). While CDI showed the strongest correlation with SSPI and SSPEI, CDIw exhibited greater correlations with SM1, SM2, VHI, and NDVI, though with a slight reduction in its relationship with SSPI and SSPEI. Both CDI and CDIw demonstrated strong correlations with the Palmer Drought Severity Index, confirming their effectiveness in monitoring drought conditions in the study area. |
| dirty | 0 |
| eu_rights_str_mv | embargoedAccess |
| format | article |
| id | ripb_b8df5aa5aa1c20f3eb182fa9cf7dd33a |
| identifier.url.fl_str_mv | https://repositorio.ipbeja.pt/handle/20.500.12207/6994 |
| inst_facet_str | urn:organizationAcronym:ipb{{{_:::_}}}Instituto Politécnico de Beja |
| instacron_str | ipb |
| institution | Instituto Politécnico de Beja |
| instname_str | Instituto Politécnico de Beja |
| language | eng |
| network_acronym_str | ripb |
| network_name_str | Repositório Institucional do IPBeja |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:repositorio.ipbeja.pt:20.500.12207/6994 |
| organization_str_mv | urn:organizationAcronym:ipb |
| person_str_mv | Raziei, Tayeb Miri, Morteza Santos, João Zand, Mehran Pereira, Luis S. |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Springer Nature |
| repo_facet_str | urn:repositoryAcronym:ripb{{{_:::_}}}Repositório Institucional do IPBeja |
| reponame_str | Repositório Institucional do IPBeja |
| repository_id_str | urn:repositoryAcronym:ripb |
| service_str_mv | urn:repositoryAcronym:ripb |
| spelling | This study introduces a composite drought index (CDI) that integrates multiple drought indices, including the Simplified Standardized Precipitation Index (SSPI), Simplified Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SSPEI), soil moisture measured at depths of 0–10 cm (SM1) and 10–40 cm (SM2), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and Vegetation Health Index (VHI), using principal component analysis (PCA). Data for Precipitation, temperature, SM1, SM2, NDVI, and VHI were re-gridded to a spatial resolution of 0.25° × 0.25° and used to compute SSPI and SSPEI over 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month timescales for grid points across Iran. SM1, SM2, NDVI, and VHI were similarly aggregated at these timescales and standardized using Box-Cox transformation. To facilitate PCA, the temporal lag dependency was adjusted to align all indices with SSPI as the primary reference, eliminating lag correlations. The analysis revealed a strong correlation between SSPI and SSPEI (r > 0.8) across most grids and timescales, alongside significant but weaker correlations with SM1 and SM2 (r > 0.5), VHI (r > 0.6), and NDVI (r > 0.4). The first principal component (PC1), representing the CDI, captured the majority of variance in the data matrix. Additional PCs explaining over 10% of the variance were combined to form a weighted version of the index (CDIw). While CDI showed the strongest correlation with SSPI and SSPEI, CDIw exhibited greater correlations with SM1, SM2, VHI, and NDVI, though with a slight reduction in its relationship with SSPI and SSPEI. Both CDI and CDIw demonstrated strong correlations with the Palmer Drought Severity Index, confirming their effectiveness in monitoring drought conditions in the study area.application/pdfengSpringer NatureDevelopment and evaluation of a principal component-based composite drought index considering temporal lag dependencies among indicesRaziei, TayebMiri, MortezaSantos, JoãoZand, MehranPereira, Luis S.URLhttps://repositorio.ipbeja.pt/handle/20.500.12207/6994ISSNIsPartOf0920-4741ISSNIsPartOf1573-1650DOIIsPartOf10.1007/s11269-025-04235-12025-12-22T12:02:47Z2025-01-01T00:00:00Z2025http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_f1cfembargoed accessComposite drought indexLag correlationCDI and CDIw drought indicesVegetation and soil moisture indicesPalmer drought severity index2480752 byteshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_f1cfapplication/pdffulltexthttps://repositorio.ipbeja.pt/bitstreams/e2effb43-d31e-4739-966d-f3d25b7d11aa/downloadliteraturehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501journal article |
| spellingShingle | Development and evaluation of a principal component-based composite drought index considering temporal lag dependencies among indices Raziei, Tayeb Composite drought index Lag correlation CDI and CDIw drought indices Vegetation and soil moisture indices Palmer drought severity index |
| status | SINGLETON |
| subject.fl_str_mv | Composite drought index Lag correlation CDI and CDIw drought indices Vegetation and soil moisture indices Palmer drought severity index |
| title | Development and evaluation of a principal component-based composite drought index considering temporal lag dependencies among indices |
| title_full | Development and evaluation of a principal component-based composite drought index considering temporal lag dependencies among indices |
| title_fullStr | Development and evaluation of a principal component-based composite drought index considering temporal lag dependencies among indices |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development and evaluation of a principal component-based composite drought index considering temporal lag dependencies among indices |
| title_short | Development and evaluation of a principal component-based composite drought index considering temporal lag dependencies among indices |
| title_sort | Development and evaluation of a principal component-based composite drought index considering temporal lag dependencies among indices |
| topic | Composite drought index Lag correlation CDI and CDIw drought indices Vegetation and soil moisture indices Palmer drought severity index |
| topic_facet | Composite drought index Lag correlation CDI and CDIw drought indices Vegetation and soil moisture indices Palmer drought severity index |
| url | https://repositorio.ipbeja.pt/handle/20.500.12207/6994 |
| visible | 1 |