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Development of multifunctional porous bioactive glasses for bone regeneration

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Resumo:Bioactive glasses (BGs) based on the 45S5 Bioglass® composition are widely recognized for their ability to bond to bone and stimulate regeneration. In this work, copper-doped bioglasses (0, 3, and 5 mol% Cu) were successfully produced by two synthesis routes: the melt-quench and sol–gel methods. The aim was to evaluate how Cu incorporation, calcination temperature, and processing route influence the structural, thermal, and biological properties of the materials for bone regeneration applications. The solgel samples were calcined at 550 °C and 650 °C, leading to materials with distinct degrees of densification and crystallization. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) showed that Cu incorporation increased the viscous flow activation energy (from 179,63 to 197,12 kJ/mol) and slightly shifted the crystallization peak toward higher temperatures, suggesting stronger Cu–O bonding and a more stable glass network. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed partial crystallization at 650 °C, with the formation of crystalline phases related to calcium phosphates. SEM analysis revealed heterogeneous and irregular morphologies for the melt-derived BGs, while sol–gel samples presented more uniform and spherical particles. After acid treatment, BG-3 ex- hibited evident porosity, suggesting partial leaching of one glassy phase. XRF and EDS confirmed Cu incorporation but did not detect Na or P in solgel samples, likely due to dissolution during washing or volatilization during calcination. Cytotoxicity tests with SaOs-2 osteoblastic cells showed good biocompatibility, maintaining vi- abilities above 70% for diluted extracts, while higher Cu content slightly reduced viability. Overall, Cu addition and calcination temperature modified the structural and thermal behavior of the glasses, improving network stability while maintaining cytocompatibility key aspects for bone tissue regeneration. Future work should include BET and ICP-OES analyses to correlate structure, porosity, and ion release with bioactivity.
Autores principais:Tomás, Margarida de Oliveira Lopes
Assunto:Bioactive Glasses Bone Regeneration Copper-Dopped Melt-Quench Sol-Gel
Ano:2025
País:Portugal
Tipo de documento:dissertação de mestrado
Tipo de acesso:acesso aberto
Instituição associada:Universidade Nova de Lisboa
Idioma:inglês
Origem:Repositório Institucional da UNL

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