Publicação
Tracking the Pathways of West Nile Virus
| Resumo: | Birds are natural hosts for numerous zoonotic viral pathogens, including West Nile virus, which is transmitted by mosquitoes. During migration, birds can act as vectors for the geographic spread of viruses. WNV is endemic in Portugal, causing annual outbreaks, particularly in horses. Here, we report the first detection of an avian WNV strain isolated from a wild bird (Astur gentilis) collected in Portugal in mid-September 2024. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses were conducted to trace the virus’s origin and potential transmission routes, integrating the obtained full-length genomic sequence with a dataset of WNV strains from Africa and Europe (1951–2024). Phylogenetic analysis of 92 WNV sequences spanning lineages 1–5 positioned the 2024 isolate within lineage 1a. Results obtained using phylodynamics-based analysis showed that this isolate likely originated in Africa and reached Portugal via Spain’s Cádiz coast, confirming previously described WNV dispersal patterns between Africa and Europe. The data suggest a migratory route from West Africa to Europe, extending through countries such as Senegal, Mauritania, Morocco, Portugal, Spain, Italy, and France, indicating a reciprocal flow of the virus back into Africa. These transmission routes match the migratory paths of Afro-Palearctic bird species, emphasizing the role of migratory birds in the long-distance spread of WNV. |
|---|---|
| Autores principais: | Maroco, Diogo |
| Outros Autores: | Parreira, Ricardo; Santos, Fábio Abade dos; Lopes, Ângela; Simões, Fernanda; Orge, Leonor; Seabra, Sofia G.; Fagulha, Teresa; Brazio, Erica; Henriques, Ana M.; Duarte, Ana; Duarte, Margarida D.; Barros, Sílvia C. |
| Assunto: | Birds Flavivirus Goshawk Phylogenetic Phylogeographic Portugal West Nile virus Whole-genome sequencing Microbiology Microbiology (medical) Virology |
| Ano: | 2025 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | artigo |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade Nova de Lisboa |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Repositório Institucional da UNL |
| _version_ | 1868983637075034112 |
|---|---|
| author | Maroco, Diogo |
| author2 | Parreira, Ricardo Santos, Fábio Abade dos Lopes, Ângela Simões, Fernanda Orge, Leonor Seabra, Sofia G. Fagulha, Teresa Brazio, Erica Henriques, Ana M. Duarte, Ana Duarte, Margarida D. Barros, Sílvia C. |
| author2_role | author author author author author author author author author author author author |
| author_facet | Maroco, Diogo Parreira, Ricardo Santos, Fábio Abade dos Lopes, Ângela Simões, Fernanda Orge, Leonor Seabra, Sofia G. Fagulha, Teresa Brazio, Erica Henriques, Ana M. Duarte, Ana Duarte, Margarida D. Barros, Sílvia C. |
| author_role | author |
| contributor_name_str_mv | Laboratório Associado de Translacção e Inovação para a Saúde Global - LA Real (Pólo IHMT) Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT) Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM) Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT) MDPI AG RUN |
| country_str | PT |
| creators_json_txt | [{\"Person.name\":\"Maroco, Diogo\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Parreira, Ricardo\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Santos, Fábio Abade dos\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Lopes, Ângela\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Simões, Fernanda\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Orge, Leonor\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Seabra, Sofia G.\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Fagulha, Teresa\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Brazio, Erica\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Henriques, Ana M.\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Duarte, Ana\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Duarte, Margarida D.\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Barros, Sílvia C.\"}] |
| datacite.contributors.contributor.contributorName.fl_str_mv | Laboratório Associado de Translacção e Inovação para a Saúde Global - LA Real (Pólo IHMT) Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT) Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM) Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT) MDPI AG RUN |
| datacite.creators.creator.creatorName.fl_str_mv | Maroco, Diogo Parreira, Ricardo Santos, Fábio Abade dos Lopes, Ângela Simões, Fernanda Orge, Leonor Seabra, Sofia G. Fagulha, Teresa Brazio, Erica Henriques, Ana M. Duarte, Ana Duarte, Margarida D. Barros, Sílvia C. |
| datacite.date.Accepted.fl_str_mv | 2025-03-04T00:00:00Z |
| datacite.date.available.fl_str_mv | 2025-06-06T21:16:40Z |
| datacite.date.embargoed.fl_str_mv | 2025-06-06T21:16:40Z |
| datacite.rights.fl_str_mv | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| datacite.subjects.subject.fl_str_mv | Birds Flavivirus Goshawk Phylogenetic Phylogeographic Portugal West Nile virus Whole-genome sequencing Microbiology Microbiology (medical) Virology |
| datacite.titles.title.fl_str_mv | Tracking the Pathways of West Nile Virus Phylogenetic and Phylogeographic Analysis of a 2024 Isolate from Portugal |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv | Laboratório Associado de Translacção e Inovação para a Saúde Global - LA Real (Pólo IHMT) Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT) Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM) Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT) MDPI AG RUN |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Maroco, Diogo Parreira, Ricardo Santos, Fábio Abade dos Lopes, Ângela Simões, Fernanda Orge, Leonor Seabra, Sofia G. Fagulha, Teresa Brazio, Erica Henriques, Ana M. Duarte, Ana Duarte, Margarida D. Barros, Sílvia C. |
| dc.date.Accepted.fl_str_mv | 2025-03-04T00:00:00Z |
| dc.date.available.fl_str_mv | 2025-06-06T21:16:40Z |
| dc.date.embargoed.fl_str_mv | 2025-06-06T21:16:40Z |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv | application/pdf |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | http://hdl.handle.net/10362/183972 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv | eng |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Birds Flavivirus Goshawk Phylogenetic Phylogeographic Portugal West Nile virus Whole-genome sequencing Microbiology Microbiology (medical) Virology |
| dc.title.fl_str_mv | Tracking the Pathways of West Nile Virus Phylogenetic and Phylogeographic Analysis of a 2024 Isolate from Portugal |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
| description | Birds are natural hosts for numerous zoonotic viral pathogens, including West Nile virus, which is transmitted by mosquitoes. During migration, birds can act as vectors for the geographic spread of viruses. WNV is endemic in Portugal, causing annual outbreaks, particularly in horses. Here, we report the first detection of an avian WNV strain isolated from a wild bird (Astur gentilis) collected in Portugal in mid-September 2024. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses were conducted to trace the virus’s origin and potential transmission routes, integrating the obtained full-length genomic sequence with a dataset of WNV strains from Africa and Europe (1951–2024). Phylogenetic analysis of 92 WNV sequences spanning lineages 1–5 positioned the 2024 isolate within lineage 1a. Results obtained using phylodynamics-based analysis showed that this isolate likely originated in Africa and reached Portugal via Spain’s Cádiz coast, confirming previously described WNV dispersal patterns between Africa and Europe. The data suggest a migratory route from West Africa to Europe, extending through countries such as Senegal, Mauritania, Morocco, Portugal, Spain, Italy, and France, indicating a reciprocal flow of the virus back into Africa. These transmission routes match the migratory paths of Afro-Palearctic bird species, emphasizing the role of migratory birds in the long-distance spread of WNV. |
| dirty | 0 |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | article |
| fulltext.url.fl_str_mv | https://run.unl.pt/bitstreams/b3e6e13d-4826-4b66-8970-4861cea33515/download |
| funder_facet_str_mv | FCT{{{_:::_}}}Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia |
| funding.funder.alternateName_str_mv | FCT |
| funding.funder.identifier_str_mv | http://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871 |
| funding.funder.name_str_mv | Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia |
| funding.name_str_mv | 6817 - DCRRNI ID |
| id | run_4aacaaae2d20ff987bb2f009ca2b9f36 |
| identifier.url.fl_str_mv | http://hdl.handle.net/10362/183972 |
| inst_facet_str | urn:organizationAcronym:unl{{{_:::_}}}Universidade Nova de Lisboa |
| instacron_str | unl |
| institution | Universidade Nova de Lisboa |
| instname_str | Universidade Nova de Lisboa |
| language | eng |
| network_acronym_str | run |
| network_name_str | Repositório Institucional da UNL |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:run.unl.pt:10362/183972 |
| organization_str_mv | urn:organizationAcronym:unl |
| person_str_mv | Maroco, Diogo Parreira, Ricardo Santos, Fábio Abade dos Lopes, Ângela Simões, Fernanda Orge, Leonor Seabra, Sofia G. Fagulha, Teresa Brazio, Erica Henriques, Ana M. Duarte, Ana Duarte, Margarida D. Barros, Sílvia C. |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| repo_facet_str | urn:repositoryAcronym:run{{{_:::_}}}Repositório Institucional da UNL |
| reponame_str | Repositório Institucional da UNL |
| repository_id_str | urn:repositoryAcronym:run |
| service_str_mv | urn:repositoryAcronym:run |
| spelling | engenBirds are natural hosts for numerous zoonotic viral pathogens, including West Nile virus, which is transmitted by mosquitoes. During migration, birds can act as vectors for the geographic spread of viruses. WNV is endemic in Portugal, causing annual outbreaks, particularly in horses. Here, we report the first detection of an avian WNV strain isolated from a wild bird (Astur gentilis) collected in Portugal in mid-September 2024. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses were conducted to trace the virus’s origin and potential transmission routes, integrating the obtained full-length genomic sequence with a dataset of WNV strains from Africa and Europe (1951–2024). Phylogenetic analysis of 92 WNV sequences spanning lineages 1–5 positioned the 2024 isolate within lineage 1a. Results obtained using phylodynamics-based analysis showed that this isolate likely originated in Africa and reached Portugal via Spain’s Cádiz coast, confirming previously described WNV dispersal patterns between Africa and Europe. The data suggest a migratory route from West Africa to Europe, extending through countries such as Senegal, Mauritania, Morocco, Portugal, Spain, Italy, and France, indicating a reciprocal flow of the virus back into Africa. These transmission routes match the migratory paths of Afro-Palearctic bird species, emphasizing the role of migratory birds in the long-distance spread of WNV.application/pdfenTracking the Pathways of West Nile VirusSubtitleenPhylogenetic and Phylogeographic Analysis of a 2024 Isolate from PortugalMaroco, DiogoParreira, RicardoSantos, Fábio Abade dosLopes, ÂngelaSimões, FernandaOrge, LeonorSeabra, Sofia G.Fagulha, TeresaBrazio, EricaHenriques, Ana M.Duarte, AnaDuarte, Margarida D.Barros, Sílvia C.Laboratório Associado de Translacção e Inovação para a Saúde Global - LA Real (Pólo IHMT)Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT)Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM)Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT)MDPI AGHostingInstitutionOrganizationalRUNe-mailmailto:run@unl.ptrun@unl.ptISSNIsPartOf2076-2607URNIsPartOfPURE: 118020106URNIsPartOfPURE UUID: 53f9e6b2-a03a-4feb-b804-b167957b15daURNIsPartOfScopus: 105001262750URNIsPartOfWOS: 001452646100001URNIsPartOfPubMed: 40142478URNIsPartOfPubMedCentral: PMC11945232URNIsPartOfORCID: /0000-0003-1413-2349/work/185567053URNIsPartOfORCID: /0000-0002-4832-9898/work/185567196DOIIsPartOf10.3390/microorganisms130305852025-06-06T21:16:40Z2025-03-042025-03-04T00:00:00ZHandlehttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/183972http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2open accessBirdsFlavivirusGoshawkPhylogeneticPhylogeographicPortugalWest Nile virusWhole-genome sequencingMicrobiologyMicrobiology (medical)Virology1824047 bytesFundação para a Ciência e a TecnologiaTranslation and Innovation towards Global Health6817 - DCRRNI IDCrossref Funder IDhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871literaturehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2application/pdffulltexthttps://run.unl.pt/bitstreams/b3e6e13d-4826-4b66-8970-4861cea33515/download |
| spellingShingle | Tracking the Pathways of West Nile Virus Maroco, Diogo Birds Flavivirus Goshawk Phylogenetic Phylogeographic Portugal West Nile virus Whole-genome sequencing Microbiology Microbiology (medical) Virology |
| status | SINGLETON |
| subject.fl_str_mv | Birds Flavivirus Goshawk Phylogenetic Phylogeographic Portugal West Nile virus Whole-genome sequencing Microbiology Microbiology (medical) Virology |
| title | Tracking the Pathways of West Nile Virus |
| title_full | Tracking the Pathways of West Nile Virus |
| title_fullStr | Tracking the Pathways of West Nile Virus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tracking the Pathways of West Nile Virus |
| title_short | Tracking the Pathways of West Nile Virus |
| title_sort | Tracking the Pathways of West Nile Virus |
| topic | Birds Flavivirus Goshawk Phylogenetic Phylogeographic Portugal West Nile virus Whole-genome sequencing Microbiology Microbiology (medical) Virology |
| topic_facet | Birds Flavivirus Goshawk Phylogenetic Phylogeographic Portugal West Nile virus Whole-genome sequencing Microbiology Microbiology (medical) Virology |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10362/183972 |
| visible | 1 |