Publicação
Social organizational life cycle assessment of wire arc additive manufacturing
| Resumo: | Purpose: Additive manufacturing (AM) is gaining attention in industry due to its benefits like the ability to fabricate complex geometries, reduced material wastage, minimal tooling, and shorter lead times. From a sustainability perspective, the environmental and economic dimensions of AM have been studied in the literature, but its social dimensions remain relatively unexplored. This study presents a social organizational life cycle assessment (SO-LCA) of a wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) technology-based company that offers production and fabrication services in Belgium. Method: The scope of this investigation includes phases like production of primary material, i.e., steelmaking, production of feedstock wires from steel, WAAM production, and post-processing to fabricate/repair components. The relevant social indicators, social impact subcategories, and stakeholders are identified based on the S-LCA guidelines and methodological sheets provided by the United Nations Environment Programme/Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (UNEP/SETAC). The social inventory data are collected from interviews with top management, company reports, as well as national and international databases. Based on the data obtained, social indicators are evaluated using the reference scale method on a scale of 1–5 (with 1 = highly negative social impact and 5 = highly positive social impact). An aggregation model was also developed to average individual social indicator scores at both the stakeholder level and across the entire life cycle. Results: Overall, a positive impact on the stakeholder groups such as workers, society, and suppliers while the impact on customers is neutral. However, a negative impact is seen on the stakeholder group local community due to unhealthy air quality caused by higher concentrations of fine dust (particulate matter 2.5) and nitrous oxide (NOx) emissions, especially from the steel-making phase. Conclusions: The issues of social concern are identified for each stakeholder and suggestions for improvement of their social performance are discussed. Limitations of the study include the sensitivity of results to geographical and legislative context, exclusion of mining activities in steel production, and lack of site-specific data for certain indicators. Hence, future research should focus on the integration of mining activities, obtaining more site-specific data, and studying the influence of different geographical and legislative contexts on the company’s social performance. |
|---|---|
| Autores principais: | Kokare, Samruddha |
| Outros Autores: | Oliveira, João P.; Godina, Radu |
| Assunto: | Additive manufacturing (AM) Social indicators Social organizational life cycle assessment (SO-LCA) Social sustainability Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) General Environmental Science SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production |
| Ano: | 2025 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | artigo |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade Nova de Lisboa |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Repositório Institucional da UNL |
| _version_ | 1868414747773239296 |
|---|---|
| author | Kokare, Samruddha |
| author2 | Oliveira, João P. Godina, Radu |
| author2_role | author author |
| author_facet | Kokare, Samruddha Oliveira, João P. Godina, Radu |
| author_role | author |
| contributor_name_str_mv | DEMI - Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica e Industrial UNIDEMI - Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Engenharia Mecânica e Industrial DCM - Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais CENIMAT-i3N - Centro de Investigação de Materiais (Lab. Associado I3N) Ecomed Publishers RUN |
| country_str | PT |
| creators_json_txt | [{\"Person.name\":\"Kokare, Samruddha\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Oliveira, João P.\"},{\"Person.name\":\"Godina, Radu\"}] |
| datacite.contributors.contributor.contributorName.fl_str_mv | DEMI - Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica e Industrial UNIDEMI - Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Engenharia Mecânica e Industrial DCM - Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais CENIMAT-i3N - Centro de Investigação de Materiais (Lab. Associado I3N) Ecomed Publishers RUN |
| datacite.creators.creator.creatorName.fl_str_mv | Kokare, Samruddha Oliveira, João P. Godina, Radu |
| datacite.date.Accepted.fl_str_mv | 2025-06-16T00:00:00Z |
| datacite.date.available.fl_str_mv | 2025-09-17T21:54:47Z |
| datacite.date.embargoed.fl_str_mv | 2025-09-17T21:54:47Z |
| datacite.rights.fl_str_mv | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| datacite.subjects.subject.fl_str_mv | Additive manufacturing (AM) Social indicators Social organizational life cycle assessment (SO-LCA) Social sustainability Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) General Environmental Science SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production |
| datacite.titles.title.fl_str_mv | Social organizational life cycle assessment of wire arc additive manufacturing a case study of a Belgian company |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv | DEMI - Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica e Industrial UNIDEMI - Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Engenharia Mecânica e Industrial DCM - Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais CENIMAT-i3N - Centro de Investigação de Materiais (Lab. Associado I3N) Ecomed Publishers RUN |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Kokare, Samruddha Oliveira, João P. Godina, Radu |
| dc.date.Accepted.fl_str_mv | 2025-06-16T00:00:00Z |
| dc.date.available.fl_str_mv | 2025-09-17T21:54:47Z |
| dc.date.embargoed.fl_str_mv | 2025-09-17T21:54:47Z |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv | application/pdf |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | http://hdl.handle.net/10362/188046 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv | eng |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | Additive manufacturing (AM) Social indicators Social organizational life cycle assessment (SO-LCA) Social sustainability Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) General Environmental Science SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production |
| dc.title.fl_str_mv | Social organizational life cycle assessment of wire arc additive manufacturing a case study of a Belgian company |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 |
| description | Purpose: Additive manufacturing (AM) is gaining attention in industry due to its benefits like the ability to fabricate complex geometries, reduced material wastage, minimal tooling, and shorter lead times. From a sustainability perspective, the environmental and economic dimensions of AM have been studied in the literature, but its social dimensions remain relatively unexplored. This study presents a social organizational life cycle assessment (SO-LCA) of a wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) technology-based company that offers production and fabrication services in Belgium. Method: The scope of this investigation includes phases like production of primary material, i.e., steelmaking, production of feedstock wires from steel, WAAM production, and post-processing to fabricate/repair components. The relevant social indicators, social impact subcategories, and stakeholders are identified based on the S-LCA guidelines and methodological sheets provided by the United Nations Environment Programme/Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (UNEP/SETAC). The social inventory data are collected from interviews with top management, company reports, as well as national and international databases. Based on the data obtained, social indicators are evaluated using the reference scale method on a scale of 1–5 (with 1 = highly negative social impact and 5 = highly positive social impact). An aggregation model was also developed to average individual social indicator scores at both the stakeholder level and across the entire life cycle. Results: Overall, a positive impact on the stakeholder groups such as workers, society, and suppliers while the impact on customers is neutral. However, a negative impact is seen on the stakeholder group local community due to unhealthy air quality caused by higher concentrations of fine dust (particulate matter 2.5) and nitrous oxide (NOx) emissions, especially from the steel-making phase. Conclusions: The issues of social concern are identified for each stakeholder and suggestions for improvement of their social performance are discussed. Limitations of the study include the sensitivity of results to geographical and legislative context, exclusion of mining activities in steel production, and lack of site-specific data for certain indicators. Hence, future research should focus on the integration of mining activities, obtaining more site-specific data, and studying the influence of different geographical and legislative contexts on the company’s social performance. |
| dirty | 0 |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | article |
| fulltext.url.fl_str_mv | https://run.unl.pt/bitstreams/3a6d51e5-a7e4-4409-b96b-25ff40e946cf/download |
| funding.funder.alternateName_str_mv | FCT |
| funding.funder.identifier_str_mv | http://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871 |
| funding.funder.name_str_mv | Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia |
| id | run_5e893f9b0fcd6b4e09f8bbb6f51f4879 |
| identifier.url.fl_str_mv | http://hdl.handle.net/10362/188046 |
| instacron_str | unl |
| institution | Universidade Nova de Lisboa |
| instname_str | Universidade Nova de Lisboa |
| language | eng |
| network_acronym_str | run |
| network_name_str | Repositório Institucional da UNL |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:run.unl.pt:10362/188046 |
| organization_str_mv | urn:organizationAcronym:unl |
| person_str_mv | Kokare, Samruddha Oliveira, João P. Godina, Radu |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| reponame_str | Repositório Institucional da UNL |
| repository_id_str | urn:repositoryAcronym:run |
| service_str_mv | urn:repositoryAcronym:run |
| spelling | engenPurpose: Additive manufacturing (AM) is gaining attention in industry due to its benefits like the ability to fabricate complex geometries, reduced material wastage, minimal tooling, and shorter lead times. From a sustainability perspective, the environmental and economic dimensions of AM have been studied in the literature, but its social dimensions remain relatively unexplored. This study presents a social organizational life cycle assessment (SO-LCA) of a wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) technology-based company that offers production and fabrication services in Belgium. Method: The scope of this investigation includes phases like production of primary material, i.e., steelmaking, production of feedstock wires from steel, WAAM production, and post-processing to fabricate/repair components. The relevant social indicators, social impact subcategories, and stakeholders are identified based on the S-LCA guidelines and methodological sheets provided by the United Nations Environment Programme/Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (UNEP/SETAC). The social inventory data are collected from interviews with top management, company reports, as well as national and international databases. Based on the data obtained, social indicators are evaluated using the reference scale method on a scale of 1–5 (with 1 = highly negative social impact and 5 = highly positive social impact). An aggregation model was also developed to average individual social indicator scores at both the stakeholder level and across the entire life cycle. Results: Overall, a positive impact on the stakeholder groups such as workers, society, and suppliers while the impact on customers is neutral. However, a negative impact is seen on the stakeholder group local community due to unhealthy air quality caused by higher concentrations of fine dust (particulate matter 2.5) and nitrous oxide (NOx) emissions, especially from the steel-making phase. Conclusions: The issues of social concern are identified for each stakeholder and suggestions for improvement of their social performance are discussed. Limitations of the study include the sensitivity of results to geographical and legislative context, exclusion of mining activities in steel production, and lack of site-specific data for certain indicators. Hence, future research should focus on the integration of mining activities, obtaining more site-specific data, and studying the influence of different geographical and legislative contexts on the company’s social performance.application/pdfenSocial organizational life cycle assessment of wire arc additive manufacturingSubtitleena case study of a Belgian companyKokare, SamruddhaOliveira, João P.Godina, RaduDEMI - Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica e IndustrialUNIDEMI - Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Engenharia Mecânica e IndustrialDCM - Departamento de Ciência dos MateriaisCENIMAT-i3N - Centro de Investigação de Materiais (Lab. Associado I3N)Ecomed PublishersHostingInstitutionOrganizationalRUNe-mailmailto:run@unl.ptrun@unl.ptISSNIsPartOf0948-3349URNIsPartOfPURE: 129572586URNIsPartOfPURE UUID: d7633acf-f6d8-4eb8-aa4a-a71b75080ab8URNIsPartOfScopus: 105008440837URNIsPartOfORCID: /0000-0001-6906-1870/work/192135605URNIsPartOfORCID: /0000-0003-1244-5624/work/205572291DOIIsPartOf10.1007/s11367-025-02491-22025-09-17T21:54:47Z2025-06-162025-06-16T00:00:00ZHandlehttp://hdl.handle.net/10362/188046http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2open accessAdditive manufacturing (AM)Social indicatorsSocial organizational life cycle assessment (SO-LCA)Social sustainabilityWire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM)General Environmental ScienceSDG 7 - Affordable and Clean EnergySDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production2319315 bytesFundação para a Ciência e a TecnologiaTowards climate change mitigation by sustainable wire-arc additive manufacturingCrossref Funder IDhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871literaturehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2application/pdffulltexthttps://run.unl.pt/bitstreams/3a6d51e5-a7e4-4409-b96b-25ff40e946cf/download |
| spellingShingle | Social organizational life cycle assessment of wire arc additive manufacturing Kokare, Samruddha Additive manufacturing (AM) Social indicators Social organizational life cycle assessment (SO-LCA) Social sustainability Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) General Environmental Science SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production |
| status | SINGLETON |
| subject.fl_str_mv | Additive manufacturing (AM) Social indicators Social organizational life cycle assessment (SO-LCA) Social sustainability Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) General Environmental Science SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production |
| title | Social organizational life cycle assessment of wire arc additive manufacturing |
| title_full | Social organizational life cycle assessment of wire arc additive manufacturing |
| title_fullStr | Social organizational life cycle assessment of wire arc additive manufacturing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Social organizational life cycle assessment of wire arc additive manufacturing |
| title_short | Social organizational life cycle assessment of wire arc additive manufacturing |
| title_sort | Social organizational life cycle assessment of wire arc additive manufacturing |
| topic | Additive manufacturing (AM) Social indicators Social organizational life cycle assessment (SO-LCA) Social sustainability Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) General Environmental Science SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production |
| topic_facet | Additive manufacturing (AM) Social indicators Social organizational life cycle assessment (SO-LCA) Social sustainability Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) General Environmental Science SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy SDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/10362/188046 |
| visible | 1 |