Publicação
Conjugated Polymers for Energy Harvesting and Smart Sustainable Electronics
| Resumo: | Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are devices for converting mechanical energy into electricity by a conjunction of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction. In this work, Polyaniline (PANi) and Polypyrrole (PPy) were explored as active materials for energy harvesting, pressure sensing and humidity sensing. Conjugated Polymer based (CP) inks were used for the functionalization of natural substrates including paper, textiles and foams through drop-casting, dip-coating and later for printing of functionalized substrates through Doctor Blade and 3D extrusion Bioprinter. The usage of water-based inks and natural substrates allow for the integration of sustainable and cost-effective wearable devices. The CPs functionalized substrates were built into energy harvesting and pressure sensing blocks. The MTRCTM model is proposed for exploring the charge generation mechanism. The energy harvesting devices were tested for different factors: force and frequency of mechanical input, area of active layer, type of coupled electrode material, introduction of triboelectric enhancers and conductive particles. The best results achieved so far for CP’s based energy harvesters were the textile functionalized fibers with PDMS cover. A maximum voltage peak of VOC and ISC of 244 V and 15 μA were obtained, respectively (2.29 W m−2 and 19.5 mA m−2 of power density and current density with a load resistance of 5 MΩ) when applying an impact force of 30 N. The output is stable even after 2000 cycles and this set of TENG yarns is also able to light at least 50 LEDs when tapping by hand. In this work, the final prototypes were also integrated with an ADC and microprocessor unit coupled with an embedded Wi-Fi module, for IoT implementation. The circuits employed were designed for security, smart packaging, tracking and ID validation applications. |
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| Autores principais: | Ferreira, Guilherme Mendes |
| Assunto: | Triboelectricity Energy Harvesting Wearables Pressure Sensor TENGs Conjugated Polymers |
| Ano: | 2025 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | tese de doutoramento |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade Nova de Lisboa |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Repositório Institucional da UNL |
| Resumo: | Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are devices for converting mechanical energy into electricity by a conjunction of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction. In this work, Polyaniline (PANi) and Polypyrrole (PPy) were explored as active materials for energy harvesting, pressure sensing and humidity sensing. Conjugated Polymer based (CP) inks were used for the functionalization of natural substrates including paper, textiles and foams through drop-casting, dip-coating and later for printing of functionalized substrates through Doctor Blade and 3D extrusion Bioprinter. The usage of water-based inks and natural substrates allow for the integration of sustainable and cost-effective wearable devices. The CPs functionalized substrates were built into energy harvesting and pressure sensing blocks. The MTRCTM model is proposed for exploring the charge generation mechanism. The energy harvesting devices were tested for different factors: force and frequency of mechanical input, area of active layer, type of coupled electrode material, introduction of triboelectric enhancers and conductive particles. The best results achieved so far for CP’s based energy harvesters were the textile functionalized fibers with PDMS cover. A maximum voltage peak of VOC and ISC of 244 V and 15 μA were obtained, respectively (2.29 W m−2 and 19.5 mA m−2 of power density and current density with a load resistance of 5 MΩ) when applying an impact force of 30 N. The output is stable even after 2000 cycles and this set of TENG yarns is also able to light at least 50 LEDs when tapping by hand. In this work, the final prototypes were also integrated with an ADC and microprocessor unit coupled with an embedded Wi-Fi module, for IoT implementation. The circuits employed were designed for security, smart packaging, tracking and ID validation applications. |
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