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A influência do stress hídrico e da eutrofização do solo na doença da murchidão do pinheiro

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Resumo:Pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) is the causal agent of pine wilt disease. Due to the high mortality and speed with which this disease can spread it is considered one of the biggest threats to pine trees in the world. It causes considerable economic and environmental damage, severely changing forest composition. Pine wood nematode is dependent on an insect vector of the genus Monochamus for short range transmission and on the timber industry for long range transmission. This work seeks to study the development of pine wilt disease in P. radiata and P. pinaster under water stress at a moderate temperature (20ºC), which is considered to be the limit for the development of the disease. It also seeks to study the effects of soil eutrophication in P. pinaster in combination with high temperature (25ºC). For that, a greenhouse experiment was carried out using both pine species plants directly infected by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Throughout this study various physiological parameters and the symptomology were observed to determine whether any of the physiological parameters would permit the disease to be detected before the appearance of visible symptoms. This study showed that water stress is an important factor in the development of pine wilt disease, although with a different degree in each pine species. For P. pinaster, water stress resulted in a mortality of 37.5%; however, for P. radiata water stress had a much stronger effect, resulting in a 75% mortality. Soil eutrophication does not seem to have any effect on the evolution of the disease, given that all treatments expressed a similar development of the disease and similar mortality (between 12,5-25%). However, the relative small number of individuals that developed the disease prevents solid conclusions. Moreover, none of the physiological parameters observed during this study allowed the detection of pine wilt disease before the onset of symptoms occurred.
Autores principais:Colwell, Filipe de Jesus, 1989-
Assunto:Nemátodo do pinheiro Pinus pinaster Pinus radiata Stress hídrico Teses de mestrado - 2013
Ano:2013
País:Portugal
Tipo de documento:dissertação de mestrado
Tipo de acesso:acesso aberto
Instituição associada:Universidade de Lisboa
Idioma:português
Origem:Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa

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