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Modulation of aquaporins gene expression by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) lipid structures in white and brown adipose tissue from hamsters

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Resumo:The term “obesogenic environment” refers to the overabundance of food rich in energy coupled with reduced physical activity. The potential role of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in the pathophysiology of obesity or as a target for therapeutic intervention has been considered for decades, as brown adipocytes seem to be healthier than white. It is well-known that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), as eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic (DHA, 22:6n-3) have weight-reducing properties, with physiological activity depending directly on their molecular form, that is, as triacylglycerols (TAG) or ethyl esters (EE). In addition, aquaporins are membrane protein channels recognized as important players in controlling fat metabolism, but their differential expression in white adipose tissue (WAT) and BAT as well as their modulation by dietary PUFA has never been investigated. In this project, adipose tissue samples from subcutaneous and visceral WAT as well as from BAT, from hamsters fed on diets enriched with different n-3 PUFA (EPA and DHA) lipid structures (TAG and EE) as fish oil (FO) and fish oil ethyl esters (FO-EE), respectively were used to evaluate aquaporins mRNA expression and correlate them with markers of lipid metabolism. Linseed oil (LSO) was taken as the reference group. Our main findings are: (i) the differential characterization of aquaporins expression across WAT (subcutaneous and visceral) and BAT, which might reflect adipose tissue depot’s own location and metabolic function; (ii) the modulation of aquaporins and lipid sensitive mediators transcriptional profile (adiponectin, leptin, glucose transporter type 4, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor ) upon dependence of n-3 PUFA molecular structures (TAG or EE); (iii) the higher sensitivity of BAT than WAT to n-3 PUFA molecular structures; (iv) the upregulation of the majority of genes expression by FO diet, in opposition to LSO and FO-EE, highlighting the benefits of EPA and DHA combined as TAG; (v) among aquaporins, the aquaglyceroporin-7 stands out as the best option as therapeutic molecular target due to its conservative role across WAT and BAT.
Autores principais:Martins, Rute Sofia de Sousa
Assunto:Aquaporins n-3 PUFA Brown adipose tissue White adipose tissue Hamster Teses de mestrado - 2018
Ano:2018
País:Portugal
Tipo de documento:dissertação de mestrado
Tipo de acesso:acesso aberto
Instituição associada:Universidade de Lisboa
Idioma:inglês
Origem:Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa

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