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Contributo para a tomada de decisão no uso sustentável de pesticidas em vinha. Avaliação do perigo de pesticidas em recursos hidricos do Alentejo central

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Resumo:This study focused on the evaluation of how the traditional agricultural practices, namely pesticide application, are affecting the quality of ground and surface water, in vineyard ecosystems inserted in Alentejo, Portugal. The methodology adopted, following in an integrated approach, involved field and laboratory work, as well as an ecotoxicological characterisation, using environmental exposure models and environmental indicators. Every pesticide used in Portuguese vineyards was characterized, taking into account their physical-chemical properties, predicted environmental distribution, leaching potential, as well as the toxic effects to several organisms. This information aims to contribute to support decision making, in pesticide selection, considering vineyard ecosystems specific characteristics. To evaluate water exposure to pesticides, SPME and GC-MS techniques were adopted. Pesticides were detected in 10% of groundwater samples, and in 53% of surface water samples. The most frequently detected pesticide was terbuthylazine, with a maximum level of 0,24 μg/L in groundwater, and 4,50 μg/L in surface water. Microbiotests were used to evaluate toxic effects on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (algae) and Daphnia magna (crustacean). For both organisms selected, a maximum toxic effect of 100% was observed, in ground and surface water samples.
Autores principais:Gonçalves, Patricia Andreia Oliveira
Assunto:vineyard vinha pesticide pesticida sustainable use uso sustentável groundwater água subterrânea surface water água superficial environmental indicators indicadores ambientais Alentejo
Ano:2008
País:Portugal
Tipo de documento:dissertação de mestrado
Tipo de acesso:acesso aberto
Instituição associada:Universidade de Lisboa
Idioma:português
Origem:Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa

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