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Use of antimicrobials and cephamicin resistance in companion animals

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Resumo:Objectives: This work includes two separate studies. In study 1 the aim was to investigate the use of antimicrobials in companion animals in Portugal while in study 2 the objective was to evaluate and characterize the prevalence of blaCMY-2 gene in Enterobacteriaceae and the phylogenetic relatedness among plasmids from companion animals and humans. Materials and Methods: In study 1 in order to understand the patterns of antimicrobial prescription a national survey was submitted to veterinarians. In study 2 plasmids harboring blaCMY-2 were transferred into GeneHog® E. coli by electroporation and typed by S1 endonuclease pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, PCR-based replicon typing, and plasmid multilocus sequence typing (pMLST). Results: In study 1, the use of amoxicillin-clavulanate (28%) and enrofloxacin (18%) were the most common antimicrobials used in dogs and cats, whereas clindamycin (3%) cefovecin (2%) and pradofloxacin (2%) were the less prescribed. In study 2, twenty three blaCMY-2 genes were plasmid encoded. Replicon typing demonstrated that from animal isolates, thirteen isolates were IncFII plasmids, five isolates were IncI1 plasmid, one isolate carried an A/C plasmid and the remaining isolate was non-typeable by PBRT. Regarding human isolates, one isolate was IncFII, one was IncI1 and the third isolate was also non-typeable. IncI1 blaCMY-2 plasmids showed that three were sequence type (ST2), three were non-typeable and fourteen IncFII plasmids were F2;FIA-;FIB- by pMLST. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: This work showed that in order to understand how antimicrobials are prescribed, further studies and implementation of a surveillance system for antimicrobial usage in these species would be recommended. Plasmid encoded resistant genes are an important factor for selection and dissemination of genes such as blaCMY-2. The transmission of resistant genes in humans and animals is due to plasmid encoding which is of great concern, and further research is still necessary to understand about the mechanisms which have led to the rapid spread of resistant bacteria worldwide.
Autores principais:Saial, Dolores Cristina Conceição
Assunto:antimicrobials blaCMY-2 gene plasmid antimicrobianos gene plasmídeo
Ano:2013
País:Portugal
Tipo de documento:dissertação de mestrado
Tipo de acesso:acesso aberto
Instituição associada:Universidade de Lisboa
Idioma:inglês
Origem:Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa

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