Publicação
Development of chondroitin sulphate-based scaffolds targeting bone regeneration applications
| Resumo: | Bone tissue is a complex biomaterial composed of proteins and minerals essential for the skeleton's structure and function. However, factors such as ageing, trauma, inflammation, and genetic disorders can compromise bone integrity. While bones possess a natural ability to heal, treating defects remains challenging. Innovative approaches are focusing on substances like chondroitin sulphate (CS), chitosan (CH), and hydroxyapatite (HAp) for their beneficial properties. In this study, HAp/CH scaffolds with different CS concentrations were developed, focusing on bone regeneration. The composition of the scaffolds followed the typical proportion of bone, with 70% HAp as the inorganic component and 30% CH as the organic component. This combination mimics the natural bone matrix and is gradually resorbed by the body, facilitating regeneration. Due to the addition of acetic acid for CH dissolution, a purification step was carried out using supercritical CO2 (scCO2) to remove it from the final material. Thermogravimetric (TG) analyses showed that scCO2 was effective in removing the acid, with extraction yields ranging from 55% to 100%, depending on the sample, confirming the scaffolds' biological viability. Density and swelling analyses were carried out to characterise the samples. The values obtained showed a density of approximately 0.05 g/cm³ and swelling capacities ranging from 2.79 to 3.24 g/g, both in line with the data available in the literature. In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was used to identify the functional groups and chemical bonds present in the material, providing a clear view of the molecular composition. Cytotoxicity tests showed that the samples were not toxic within 48 hours. Thus, the results indicated that the scaffolds incorporated with CS showed good structural stability and biological behaviour, making them suitable materials for bone regeneration. In addition, the process of obtaining CS is being studied in the project “Obtaining, characterising and evaluating the bioactive potential of chondroitin sulphate from tilapia scales”, to which this thesis contributes. |
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| Autores principais: | Matté, Júlia Pissaia |
| Assunto: | Scaffolds Bone regeneration Chondroitin sulphate Chitosan Hydroxyapatite |
| Ano: | 2024 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | dissertação de mestrado |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Instituto Politécnico de Bragança |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Biblioteca Digital do IPB |
| Resumo: | Bone tissue is a complex biomaterial composed of proteins and minerals essential for the skeleton's structure and function. However, factors such as ageing, trauma, inflammation, and genetic disorders can compromise bone integrity. While bones possess a natural ability to heal, treating defects remains challenging. Innovative approaches are focusing on substances like chondroitin sulphate (CS), chitosan (CH), and hydroxyapatite (HAp) for their beneficial properties. In this study, HAp/CH scaffolds with different CS concentrations were developed, focusing on bone regeneration. The composition of the scaffolds followed the typical proportion of bone, with 70% HAp as the inorganic component and 30% CH as the organic component. This combination mimics the natural bone matrix and is gradually resorbed by the body, facilitating regeneration. Due to the addition of acetic acid for CH dissolution, a purification step was carried out using supercritical CO2 (scCO2) to remove it from the final material. Thermogravimetric (TG) analyses showed that scCO2 was effective in removing the acid, with extraction yields ranging from 55% to 100%, depending on the sample, confirming the scaffolds' biological viability. Density and swelling analyses were carried out to characterise the samples. The values obtained showed a density of approximately 0.05 g/cm³ and swelling capacities ranging from 2.79 to 3.24 g/g, both in line with the data available in the literature. In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was used to identify the functional groups and chemical bonds present in the material, providing a clear view of the molecular composition. Cytotoxicity tests showed that the samples were not toxic within 48 hours. Thus, the results indicated that the scaffolds incorporated with CS showed good structural stability and biological behaviour, making them suitable materials for bone regeneration. In addition, the process of obtaining CS is being studied in the project “Obtaining, characterising and evaluating the bioactive potential of chondroitin sulphate from tilapia scales”, to which this thesis contributes. |
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