Publicação
Development of prefabricated modular houses in pure composite sandwich panels
| Resumo: | In the scope of the ClickHouse R&D Project, a residential modular temporary building was proposed and developed to accommodate, in urgent situations, dislocated families due to e.g. the occurrence of natural disasters. Proposed building is composed of a frame structure, panels and a tailored connection system. The frame structure and connection are composed of glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) pultruded tubular profiles. While for the panels, composite sandwich panels made of polyurethane foam (PU) core and GFRP skins, are utilized. A new connection system is defined for connecting adjacent members. This modular construction of temporary housing, should be capable of being prefabricated according to the pultrusion technology (for the case of frame and connection components), transported at low cost to the area of installation (due to the reduced weight and being packed), and being easily and quickly assembled. In the ambit of the present thesis, the following research programs, which contributed for the ClickHouse outcomes, were developed: (I) material testing program; (II) development/ characterization of a connection system for jointing composite panels, (III) evaluation of the mechanical performance of single panel, two jointed panels and three jointed panels under flexural loading; (IV) assessment of single and two jointed wall panel’s behaviour under axial loading; (I) performance/characterization of two floor modular prototypes. Phase I is comprising comprehensive material testing program for establishing constitutive relation of the constituent materials of the sandwich panel, namely the PU foam core, GFRP skins and the bond between these two materials. Furthermore, bearing strength behaviour of GFRP skin and pultruded profiles is subjected to study in this phase. In the phase II, a connection system is proposed for connecting floor and wall sandwich panels. Proposed connection is composed of two main parts namely as end integrated Ushape GFRP profile and two connected tubular square GFRP profiles. The end former working as a connector by interlocking inside the U-shape profiles. Two approaches are used to study mechanical behaviour of jointed panels: friction technique and hybrid technique. An experimental program is performed to study the mechanical response of this connection system in the longitudinal and transversal directions. Phase III is included a series of experimental tests are carried out on a single panel, on two and three jointed panels. Flexural responses of the panels, in short term, is analysed, including evaluation of the failure mechanism and the efficiency of the proposed connection system between panels in jointing sandwich panels. Additionally, the creep behaviour of the panels, which is a limiting factor for their serviceability design, is investigated. Numerical and analytical models are proposed and verified including capturing the local failure of the panel using experimental program. The proposed models are used to go further in-depth to understand capability of connection in jointing panels and influence of U-shape GFRP profiles in increasing flexural stiffness of the panels. Additionally, contribution of single sandwich panels components in total shear deflection is investigated. In the phase IV, the structural performances of the sandwich wall panels under axial loading condition are experimentally tested and thereafter analytically assessed in two cases: (i) single wall panels; (ii) two jointed wall panels. The influence of the proposed connection system on the axial load capacity of the jointed panels is analytically evaluated. In phase V, performances of the two floor prototypes to support typical load conditions of residential houses are also assessed. The experimental program is complemented with an extensive finite element modelling and analytical study to verify the experiments results and to obtain connection flexibility, load distribution factor and stress distribution within the floor modular components. Additionally, several parametric studies are developed using FEM models developed and validated by varying geometric aspect ratios and numbers of U-shape GFRP profiles to show potentiality of this structure to have more housing space and consequently to extend this concept for other markets. |
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| Autores principais: | Abdolpour, Hassan |
| Assunto: | Floor and wall sandwich panel Connection system GFRP profiles modular prototype prefabricated emergency house experimental research FEM-modelling painel de sanduíche de piso e parede sistema de conexão perfis GFRP protótipo modular habitação de emergência pré-fabricada; investigação experimental simulação FEM |
| Ano: | 2017 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | tese de doutoramento |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade do Minho |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | RepositóriUM - Universidade do Minho |
| Resumo: | In the scope of the ClickHouse R&D Project, a residential modular temporary building was proposed and developed to accommodate, in urgent situations, dislocated families due to e.g. the occurrence of natural disasters. Proposed building is composed of a frame structure, panels and a tailored connection system. The frame structure and connection are composed of glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) pultruded tubular profiles. While for the panels, composite sandwich panels made of polyurethane foam (PU) core and GFRP skins, are utilized. A new connection system is defined for connecting adjacent members. This modular construction of temporary housing, should be capable of being prefabricated according to the pultrusion technology (for the case of frame and connection components), transported at low cost to the area of installation (due to the reduced weight and being packed), and being easily and quickly assembled. In the ambit of the present thesis, the following research programs, which contributed for the ClickHouse outcomes, were developed: (I) material testing program; (II) development/ characterization of a connection system for jointing composite panels, (III) evaluation of the mechanical performance of single panel, two jointed panels and three jointed panels under flexural loading; (IV) assessment of single and two jointed wall panel’s behaviour under axial loading; (I) performance/characterization of two floor modular prototypes. Phase I is comprising comprehensive material testing program for establishing constitutive relation of the constituent materials of the sandwich panel, namely the PU foam core, GFRP skins and the bond between these two materials. Furthermore, bearing strength behaviour of GFRP skin and pultruded profiles is subjected to study in this phase. In the phase II, a connection system is proposed for connecting floor and wall sandwich panels. Proposed connection is composed of two main parts namely as end integrated Ushape GFRP profile and two connected tubular square GFRP profiles. The end former working as a connector by interlocking inside the U-shape profiles. Two approaches are used to study mechanical behaviour of jointed panels: friction technique and hybrid technique. An experimental program is performed to study the mechanical response of this connection system in the longitudinal and transversal directions. Phase III is included a series of experimental tests are carried out on a single panel, on two and three jointed panels. Flexural responses of the panels, in short term, is analysed, including evaluation of the failure mechanism and the efficiency of the proposed connection system between panels in jointing sandwich panels. Additionally, the creep behaviour of the panels, which is a limiting factor for their serviceability design, is investigated. Numerical and analytical models are proposed and verified including capturing the local failure of the panel using experimental program. The proposed models are used to go further in-depth to understand capability of connection in jointing panels and influence of U-shape GFRP profiles in increasing flexural stiffness of the panels. Additionally, contribution of single sandwich panels components in total shear deflection is investigated. In the phase IV, the structural performances of the sandwich wall panels under axial loading condition are experimentally tested and thereafter analytically assessed in two cases: (i) single wall panels; (ii) two jointed wall panels. The influence of the proposed connection system on the axial load capacity of the jointed panels is analytically evaluated. In phase V, performances of the two floor prototypes to support typical load conditions of residential houses are also assessed. The experimental program is complemented with an extensive finite element modelling and analytical study to verify the experiments results and to obtain connection flexibility, load distribution factor and stress distribution within the floor modular components. Additionally, several parametric studies are developed using FEM models developed and validated by varying geometric aspect ratios and numbers of U-shape GFRP profiles to show potentiality of this structure to have more housing space and consequently to extend this concept for other markets. |
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