Publicação
Visual function of novel ophthalmic lenses for the control of myopia progression
| Resumo: | Myopia, also called nearsightedness, is a refractive error in which rays of light entering the eye parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in front of the retina. Myopia progression has been alerting researchers because children with high myopia (>-6.00D) have more chances to develop ocular diseases such as glaucoma, cataract, retinal detachment, and myopic maculopathy or myopic macular degeneration. Myopia is already a public health problem and is estimated that 50% of the world population will be myopic in 2050, and 10% of those will be high myopic. Nowadays, there are many available interventions including optical and medical methods that are reviewed in the present dissertation, all with different efficacy and safety profiles. Nevertheless, there are no standardized and 100% effective methods for controlling myopia progression. That is why more research is needed in current and new methods for myopia control to understand their impact on visual function, that will allow optometrists and ophthalmologists to implement it in their daily practice. The main goal of the present dissertation is to analyse the visual function of a novel ophthalmic method to control myopia, called perifocal spectacle lenses, in order to obtain more knowledge of these new lenses. We analysed peripheral refraction, contrast sensitivity and light disturbance between monofocal lenses (control) and perifocal lenses (test) in seventeen participants. The sample recruited had a mean age of 24 ± 3.52 years and mean spherical equivalent of -2.80 ± 1.75D for the right eye and -2.81 ± 1.82D for the left eye. We observed that the perifocal lenses induced a significant myopic defocus at 25 degrees of-axis, mainly in the nasal retina (induced by the temporal side of the lens). In the nasal retina of the participants, the peripheral refraction changed, on average, -0.42D in the right eye, and -0.74D in the left eye. In the temporal retina, affected by the nasal side of the lens, the differences between control and test measurements were not statistically significant. We found no statistically significant changes in the visual contrast sensitivity and in the light disturbance when subjects were using the perifocal lenses. |
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| Autores principais: | Leite, Sara Catarina da Silva |
| Assunto: | Light disturbance Myopia control Ophthalmic lens Peripheral refraction Visual contrast sensitivity Controlo da miopia Distorção luminosa Lentes oftálmicas Refração periférica Sensibilidade visual ao contraste |
| Ano: | 2022 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | dissertação de mestrado |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade do Minho |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | RepositóriUM - Universidade do Minho |
| Resumo: | Myopia, also called nearsightedness, is a refractive error in which rays of light entering the eye parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in front of the retina. Myopia progression has been alerting researchers because children with high myopia (>-6.00D) have more chances to develop ocular diseases such as glaucoma, cataract, retinal detachment, and myopic maculopathy or myopic macular degeneration. Myopia is already a public health problem and is estimated that 50% of the world population will be myopic in 2050, and 10% of those will be high myopic. Nowadays, there are many available interventions including optical and medical methods that are reviewed in the present dissertation, all with different efficacy and safety profiles. Nevertheless, there are no standardized and 100% effective methods for controlling myopia progression. That is why more research is needed in current and new methods for myopia control to understand their impact on visual function, that will allow optometrists and ophthalmologists to implement it in their daily practice. The main goal of the present dissertation is to analyse the visual function of a novel ophthalmic method to control myopia, called perifocal spectacle lenses, in order to obtain more knowledge of these new lenses. We analysed peripheral refraction, contrast sensitivity and light disturbance between monofocal lenses (control) and perifocal lenses (test) in seventeen participants. The sample recruited had a mean age of 24 ± 3.52 years and mean spherical equivalent of -2.80 ± 1.75D for the right eye and -2.81 ± 1.82D for the left eye. We observed that the perifocal lenses induced a significant myopic defocus at 25 degrees of-axis, mainly in the nasal retina (induced by the temporal side of the lens). In the nasal retina of the participants, the peripheral refraction changed, on average, -0.42D in the right eye, and -0.74D in the left eye. In the temporal retina, affected by the nasal side of the lens, the differences between control and test measurements were not statistically significant. We found no statistically significant changes in the visual contrast sensitivity and in the light disturbance when subjects were using the perifocal lenses. |
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