Publicação
Effect of Xylo-oligosaccharides and cello-oligosaccharides obtained from Agro-industrial wastes on the modulation of the human gut microbiota in vitro
| Resumo: | Agro-industrial residues, traditionally considered low-value by-products, have shown great potential to produce prebiotic oligosaccharides, such as xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) and cello-oligosaccharides (COS). This study investigated the effects of XOS and COS, derived from sugarcane bagasse (SB) and corn husks (CH) by enzymatic hydrolysis, on the modulation of human intestinal microbiota in vitro. Cellulose and hemicellulose from SB and CH were obtained from alkaline treatment (5 % KOH, 121 °C, 1 atm, 15 min). XOS and COS were obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis (pH 5.0, 50 °C, 2 % solids, 200 rpm, 48 h) using Shearzyme and Celluclast enzyme cocktails (Novozymes®), respectively. The concentrated hydrolysates were then fermented in vitro (37 °C, 48 h) with fecal microbiota from healthy volunteers, and the microbial communities were analyzed using Illumina 16S rRNA sequencing. The optimal XOS yields were 7.47 g/L (SB) and 4.41 g/L (CH), while COS production reached 0.27 g/L (SB) and 0.46 g/L (CH). Fermentation led to rapid microbial growth and pH reduction within 12 h. COS promoted the growth of Actinobacteria, while XOS favored Firmicutes and Bacteroidota. Both oligosaccharides selectively increased beneficial genera such as Bifidobacterium (predominantly with COS), Blautia, Slackia, Collinsella, and Bacteroides, which promote metabolic health and immune function. COS produced higher concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) (22.33 g/L and 24.39 g/L for SB and CH) compared to XOS (7.62 g/L and 15.82 g/L). SCFAs play important roles in reducing intestinal pH, supporting immunity, and inhibiting pathogens. These findings highlight the potential of XOS and COS as nutraceutical ingredients for beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota. |
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| Autores principais: | Silva, Marcos Fellipe da |
| Outros Autores: | Batista, José Josenildo; Colunga, Alondra; Pereira, Catarina Rodrigues; Teixeira, J. A.; Nobre, Clarisse; Goldbeck, Rosana |
| Assunto: | Lignocellulosic wastes Prebiotic oligosaccharides Gut microbiota |
| Ano: | 2026 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | artigo |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade do Minho |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | RepositóriUM - Universidade do Minho |
| Resumo: | Agro-industrial residues, traditionally considered low-value by-products, have shown great potential to produce prebiotic oligosaccharides, such as xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) and cello-oligosaccharides (COS). This study investigated the effects of XOS and COS, derived from sugarcane bagasse (SB) and corn husks (CH) by enzymatic hydrolysis, on the modulation of human intestinal microbiota in vitro. Cellulose and hemicellulose from SB and CH were obtained from alkaline treatment (5 % KOH, 121 °C, 1 atm, 15 min). XOS and COS were obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis (pH 5.0, 50 °C, 2 % solids, 200 rpm, 48 h) using Shearzyme and Celluclast enzyme cocktails (Novozymes®), respectively. The concentrated hydrolysates were then fermented in vitro (37 °C, 48 h) with fecal microbiota from healthy volunteers, and the microbial communities were analyzed using Illumina 16S rRNA sequencing. The optimal XOS yields were 7.47 g/L (SB) and 4.41 g/L (CH), while COS production reached 0.27 g/L (SB) and 0.46 g/L (CH). Fermentation led to rapid microbial growth and pH reduction within 12 h. COS promoted the growth of Actinobacteria, while XOS favored Firmicutes and Bacteroidota. Both oligosaccharides selectively increased beneficial genera such as Bifidobacterium (predominantly with COS), Blautia, Slackia, Collinsella, and Bacteroides, which promote metabolic health and immune function. COS produced higher concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) (22.33 g/L and 24.39 g/L for SB and CH) compared to XOS (7.62 g/L and 15.82 g/L). SCFAs play important roles in reducing intestinal pH, supporting immunity, and inhibiting pathogens. These findings highlight the potential of XOS and COS as nutraceutical ingredients for beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota. |
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