Publicação
Tissue engineering strategies for periodontal tissue regeneration based on platelet lysate
| Resumo: | The destruction of periodontal tissue as consequence of periodontitis, a prevalent infection of gingiva, is a major clinical issue that ultimately results in teeth loose. Current clinical treatments enable to halt the disease, but the resulting repair outcomes are fairly variable and do not restore the periodontal tissue function. Periodontal tissue engineering aims at regenerating the periodontal wound by: 1) stimulating the self-heling ability of periodontium, providing an optimal combination of cells and biochemical stimuli; 2) providing a stable matrix to drive the regrowth of both soft and hard periodontal tissue; 3) preventing of soft gingival tissue collapse into the periodontal wound. The present thesis proposes the use of structured compartmentalized systems for addressing such requirements and explores the application of platelet lysate (PL), as a new tool in the design of periodontal tissue engineering approaches. Specifically, under this thesis, PL was studied either as a sole source of multiple growth factors involved in periodontal tissue repair/regeneration or as a potential “raw material” for the production of stable constructs with the ability to simultaneously deliver cells and/or growth factors. These various functionalities/hypothesis were assessed in vitro, together with other components of the envisioned bi-layer compartmentalized system, namely hyaluronic acid microspheres developed by a new methodology, that were used as a vehicle for the incorporation of PL in calcium phosphate cement composites (work described in Chapter III, IV and V). Subsequently, the developed materials were assembled as compartments of the bi-layered system, with or without cells, and implanted in relevant animal models to answer fundamental questions regarding the potential of the proposed approaches, specifically concerning its ability to regenerate bone (assessed in Chapter VI) or periodontal wounds (as described in chapter VII and VIII). Finally, in chapter IX, it was assessed the ability of a radially oriented multi-patterned device as a suitable tool for selecting the most adequate topography to be casted in PL based constructs aiming at periodontal therapy. Overall, results obtained under this thesis clearly demonstrate the versatility of PL as a source of bioactive signals prone to orchestrate the healing of periodontal wound. Moreover, the stabilization of platelet-origin proteins over the exposed root surface was proved to be of utmost importance for the predictable regeneration of periodontal tissue. Simultaneously, PL emerged as a potential raw material for the development of multifunctional tissue engineering devices. |
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| Autores principais: | Babo, Pedro Miguel Sousa |
| Assunto: | Engenharia e Tecnologia::Outras Engenharias e Tecnologias |
| Ano: | 2016 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | tese de doutoramento |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade do Minho |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | RepositóriUM - Universidade do Minho |
| Resumo: | The destruction of periodontal tissue as consequence of periodontitis, a prevalent infection of gingiva, is a major clinical issue that ultimately results in teeth loose. Current clinical treatments enable to halt the disease, but the resulting repair outcomes are fairly variable and do not restore the periodontal tissue function. Periodontal tissue engineering aims at regenerating the periodontal wound by: 1) stimulating the self-heling ability of periodontium, providing an optimal combination of cells and biochemical stimuli; 2) providing a stable matrix to drive the regrowth of both soft and hard periodontal tissue; 3) preventing of soft gingival tissue collapse into the periodontal wound. The present thesis proposes the use of structured compartmentalized systems for addressing such requirements and explores the application of platelet lysate (PL), as a new tool in the design of periodontal tissue engineering approaches. Specifically, under this thesis, PL was studied either as a sole source of multiple growth factors involved in periodontal tissue repair/regeneration or as a potential “raw material” for the production of stable constructs with the ability to simultaneously deliver cells and/or growth factors. These various functionalities/hypothesis were assessed in vitro, together with other components of the envisioned bi-layer compartmentalized system, namely hyaluronic acid microspheres developed by a new methodology, that were used as a vehicle for the incorporation of PL in calcium phosphate cement composites (work described in Chapter III, IV and V). Subsequently, the developed materials were assembled as compartments of the bi-layered system, with or without cells, and implanted in relevant animal models to answer fundamental questions regarding the potential of the proposed approaches, specifically concerning its ability to regenerate bone (assessed in Chapter VI) or periodontal wounds (as described in chapter VII and VIII). Finally, in chapter IX, it was assessed the ability of a radially oriented multi-patterned device as a suitable tool for selecting the most adequate topography to be casted in PL based constructs aiming at periodontal therapy. Overall, results obtained under this thesis clearly demonstrate the versatility of PL as a source of bioactive signals prone to orchestrate the healing of periodontal wound. Moreover, the stabilization of platelet-origin proteins over the exposed root surface was proved to be of utmost importance for the predictable regeneration of periodontal tissue. Simultaneously, PL emerged as a potential raw material for the development of multifunctional tissue engineering devices. |
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