Publicação
Cognitive and physical effects of a multicomponent training in elderly adults: a pilot study
| Resumo: | World's population is aging. Successful aging proposes that physical activity and physical exercise may be protective for cognition and the brain. The intensity of physical activity and the characteristics of physical exercise (duration, modality…) that are optimal to maximize cognitive effects are yet to be discovered. Current investigation aims at (1) clarifying cognitive, emotional and physical fitness effects of a multicomponent training intervention in community-dwelling elderly and compare them with an active control group; (2) exploring the association between cognitive function and physical fitness. A double-blind quasi-experimental intervention was conducted with 19 participants aged>60year from the North of Portugal, distributed by order of registration. Multicomponent intervention included aerobic, strength, stretching and balance exercises thrice a week for 50min for 33-weeks. Control intervention occurred once a week with less intensity. Participants were assessed at baseline and after-intervention in physical activity levels (actigraphy), neurocognitive function, emotional status, cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak) and anthropometry (DEXA). Multicomponent training was effective in improving moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and diminishing sedentary-time, compared to control group. It presented no significant effects for anthropometry or emotional status. Multicomponent group significantly decreased VO2peak, hence multicomponent training was not effective in improving cardiorespiratory fitness. Both groups significantly decreased performance in semantic fluency and multicomponent group significantly decreased performance in working memory. Thereby, multicomponent training was not effective at improving or maintaining neurocognitive functions. In a secondary-personalized analysis, variations in VO2peak were associated with variations in short-term and long-term memory. Contrarily, variations in body composition were not. Cardiorespiratory fitness hypothesis may contribute to our results. With learning from the pilot study, guidelines for future randomized-controlled trials are suggested. |
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| Autores principais: | Ferreira, Marisa Mota |
| Assunto: | Cognition Elderly Physical exercise Physical fitness Multicomponent training Aptidão física Cognição Exercício físico Idosos Treino multicomponente |
| Ano: | 2020 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | dissertação de mestrado |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade do Minho |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | RepositóriUM - Universidade do Minho |
| Resumo: | World's population is aging. Successful aging proposes that physical activity and physical exercise may be protective for cognition and the brain. The intensity of physical activity and the characteristics of physical exercise (duration, modality…) that are optimal to maximize cognitive effects are yet to be discovered. Current investigation aims at (1) clarifying cognitive, emotional and physical fitness effects of a multicomponent training intervention in community-dwelling elderly and compare them with an active control group; (2) exploring the association between cognitive function and physical fitness. A double-blind quasi-experimental intervention was conducted with 19 participants aged>60year from the North of Portugal, distributed by order of registration. Multicomponent intervention included aerobic, strength, stretching and balance exercises thrice a week for 50min for 33-weeks. Control intervention occurred once a week with less intensity. Participants were assessed at baseline and after-intervention in physical activity levels (actigraphy), neurocognitive function, emotional status, cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak) and anthropometry (DEXA). Multicomponent training was effective in improving moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and diminishing sedentary-time, compared to control group. It presented no significant effects for anthropometry or emotional status. Multicomponent group significantly decreased VO2peak, hence multicomponent training was not effective in improving cardiorespiratory fitness. Both groups significantly decreased performance in semantic fluency and multicomponent group significantly decreased performance in working memory. Thereby, multicomponent training was not effective at improving or maintaining neurocognitive functions. In a secondary-personalized analysis, variations in VO2peak were associated with variations in short-term and long-term memory. Contrarily, variations in body composition were not. Cardiorespiratory fitness hypothesis may contribute to our results. With learning from the pilot study, guidelines for future randomized-controlled trials are suggested. |
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