Publicação
Analysis of antioxidant and antigenotoxic activities of grape berry extracts
| Resumo: | Vitis vinifera grape berries have attracted a lot of attention in health research due to their rich phenolic content. These compounds have biological properties, such as antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial, and other protective effects against an array of stresses. Also, they showed promising results against different diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, cardiovascular diseases and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Red varieties are richer in these compounds due to the presence of anthocyanins but there are considerable differences also among red grape varieties. The red variety Vinhão from the Northwest of Portugal is highly concentrated in these compounds, conferring a great potential for biological activities. Bearing in mind that there is insufficient data regarding potential beneficial effects of Portuguese wines and cultivars and there is an increasingly interest in natural compounds and the reuse of agricultural wastes for other purposes. The aim of this work is to determine and compare different bioactivities of seeds and skin extracts of two ‘vinho Verde’ wine cultivars, Vinhão and Loureiro, a red one and a white one, respectively. And encourage the use of Portuguese wine production wastes for the application in cosmetics and nutraceuticals. To achieve these goals, total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of all extracts was assessed by DPPH assay, reducing power assay, iron chelation assay and by flow cytometry. Moreover, genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity of all extracts was estimated by DNA topology assay. Two different assays were used to determine the antigenotoxic mechanism of Vinhão and Loureiro seeds extracts, the comet assay and the AMES test. Seed extracts from both varieties displayed strong reducing power and DPPH scavenging activities, while red Vinhão berries displayed higher activities than the white variety (Loureiro). Interestingly, all samples did not chelate iron, suggesting that this property is not involved in antioxidant activity. In addition, all extracts were antigenotoxic using DNA topology assay and comet assay with human lymphocytes. Ultimately, the grape extracts evaluated showed to have great antioxidant and antigenotoxic potential, except Loureiro berry extract. Furthermore, seeds extracts showed to be not mutagenic and they do not protect against mutations induced by diagnostic mutagens. Moreover, when compared to the literature, the values obtained by DPPH and reducing power assay for both seeds’ extracts are higher than other well-known varieties tested, such as Merlot, Pinot Noir and Cabernet Sauvignon. Portuguese grape varieties grown in ‘vinho Verde’ region showed to be great sources of polyphenols with nutraceutical properties. Further studies must be conducted to determine antioxidant and antigenotoxic activity in vivo, since results were not coincident, and to encourage the use of these extracts in nutraceuticals and cosmetics. |
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| Autores principais: | Moreira, Maria Nipo de Sá |
| Assunto: | Vinhão Loureiro ‘Vinho Verde’ Agricultural wastes Scavenging Reducing power Seeds extracts Pulp and skin extracts Poder redutor Resíduos agrícolas Extrato de sementes Extrato de polpa e película |
| Ano: | 2018 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | dissertação de mestrado |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade do Minho |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | RepositóriUM - Universidade do Minho |
| Resumo: | Vitis vinifera grape berries have attracted a lot of attention in health research due to their rich phenolic content. These compounds have biological properties, such as antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial, and other protective effects against an array of stresses. Also, they showed promising results against different diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, cardiovascular diseases and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Red varieties are richer in these compounds due to the presence of anthocyanins but there are considerable differences also among red grape varieties. The red variety Vinhão from the Northwest of Portugal is highly concentrated in these compounds, conferring a great potential for biological activities. Bearing in mind that there is insufficient data regarding potential beneficial effects of Portuguese wines and cultivars and there is an increasingly interest in natural compounds and the reuse of agricultural wastes for other purposes. The aim of this work is to determine and compare different bioactivities of seeds and skin extracts of two ‘vinho Verde’ wine cultivars, Vinhão and Loureiro, a red one and a white one, respectively. And encourage the use of Portuguese wine production wastes for the application in cosmetics and nutraceuticals. To achieve these goals, total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of all extracts was assessed by DPPH assay, reducing power assay, iron chelation assay and by flow cytometry. Moreover, genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity of all extracts was estimated by DNA topology assay. Two different assays were used to determine the antigenotoxic mechanism of Vinhão and Loureiro seeds extracts, the comet assay and the AMES test. Seed extracts from both varieties displayed strong reducing power and DPPH scavenging activities, while red Vinhão berries displayed higher activities than the white variety (Loureiro). Interestingly, all samples did not chelate iron, suggesting that this property is not involved in antioxidant activity. In addition, all extracts were antigenotoxic using DNA topology assay and comet assay with human lymphocytes. Ultimately, the grape extracts evaluated showed to have great antioxidant and antigenotoxic potential, except Loureiro berry extract. Furthermore, seeds extracts showed to be not mutagenic and they do not protect against mutations induced by diagnostic mutagens. Moreover, when compared to the literature, the values obtained by DPPH and reducing power assay for both seeds’ extracts are higher than other well-known varieties tested, such as Merlot, Pinot Noir and Cabernet Sauvignon. Portuguese grape varieties grown in ‘vinho Verde’ region showed to be great sources of polyphenols with nutraceutical properties. Further studies must be conducted to determine antioxidant and antigenotoxic activity in vivo, since results were not coincident, and to encourage the use of these extracts in nutraceuticals and cosmetics. |
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