Publicação
Evaluation of endophytic diversity in Olea europaea cultivars with different susceptibilities to anthracnose and verticillium wilt
| Resumo: | The olive tree is one of the most important crops in the Mediterranean basin countries including Portugal. Anthracnose and verticillium wilt are two of the major olive diseases due to their high incidence and related losses. In Portugal and Spain, anthracnose is mainly caused by the fungus Colletotrichum acutatum, leading to losses in production up to 100%. Verticillium wilt is caused by the fungus Verticillium dahliae, causing yield losses up to 89%. The main control strategy is based on the use of fungicides, which is not completely effective and is associated with environmental risks and toxicity problems. Recently, biological control strategies have been used as a sustainable alternative for this problem. The endophytic bacteria and fungi have a great potential to be explored as biologic control agents. In order to find promising biological control agents for these olive diseases, the endophytic community inhabiting different organs (roots, twigs and leaves) of three olive tree cultivars (Galega, Cobrançosa e Picual) with different susceptibilities to the abovementioned diseases was evaluated, through sequencing (Illumina MiSeq) of the amplicons 16S (bacteria) and ITS (fungi). The olive trees were mainly colonized by bacteria belonging to Actinobacteria, followed by Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, and fungi belonging mainly to Ascomycota. Among all cultivars, Galega revealed to have a richer and more diverse microbial community, while Picual showed to have less microbial diversity. Roots always presented more rich and diverse communities than twigs or leaves. Taking into consideration the abundance in the tolerant cultivars to each olive disease and the organ where the infection initiates, bacterial and fungal genera were selected for further studies as biocontrol agents. |
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| Autores principais: | Costa, Daniela Filipa Fernandes |
| Assunto: | Ciências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas |
| Ano: | 2016 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | dissertação de mestrado |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso restrito |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade do Minho |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | RepositóriUM - Universidade do Minho |
| Resumo: | The olive tree is one of the most important crops in the Mediterranean basin countries including Portugal. Anthracnose and verticillium wilt are two of the major olive diseases due to their high incidence and related losses. In Portugal and Spain, anthracnose is mainly caused by the fungus Colletotrichum acutatum, leading to losses in production up to 100%. Verticillium wilt is caused by the fungus Verticillium dahliae, causing yield losses up to 89%. The main control strategy is based on the use of fungicides, which is not completely effective and is associated with environmental risks and toxicity problems. Recently, biological control strategies have been used as a sustainable alternative for this problem. The endophytic bacteria and fungi have a great potential to be explored as biologic control agents. In order to find promising biological control agents for these olive diseases, the endophytic community inhabiting different organs (roots, twigs and leaves) of three olive tree cultivars (Galega, Cobrançosa e Picual) with different susceptibilities to the abovementioned diseases was evaluated, through sequencing (Illumina MiSeq) of the amplicons 16S (bacteria) and ITS (fungi). The olive trees were mainly colonized by bacteria belonging to Actinobacteria, followed by Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, and fungi belonging mainly to Ascomycota. Among all cultivars, Galega revealed to have a richer and more diverse microbial community, while Picual showed to have less microbial diversity. Roots always presented more rich and diverse communities than twigs or leaves. Taking into consideration the abundance in the tolerant cultivars to each olive disease and the organ where the infection initiates, bacterial and fungal genera were selected for further studies as biocontrol agents. |
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