Publicação
Oil/ water separation methods- An Overview
| Resumo: | Catastrophic environmental problems such as oil spill accidents, industrial oily wastewater and any other type of uncontrolled release of oils into the environment are a major global issue, since it threatens marine ecosystems, animals, plants, corals and it also leads to a big economic impact. Additionally, it can also affect the public health of communities located near the polluted area. This present thesis addresses the study of different types of oil collecting methods, such as the use of materials that are environmentally friendly, cost friendly and easy to use and produce. With that in mind, the focus of this work will be to study different approaches on materials and technologies for oil/water separation, with special focus on water/oil emulsion separation. Emulsified oil/water mixtures are extremely stable dispersions being therefore more difficult to separate as the size of the droplets in the emulsion decreases. Regarding oil sorption, materials can be divided into two categories absorbent or adsorbent. Oil absorbent materials, such as sponges, foams, nanoparticles, and aerogels, can be adjusted to have both a hydrophobic and oleophilic wettability while displaying a porous structure. This can be advantageous for targeting oil spills in large scale environmental catastrophes sets, since these materials can easily absorb oil. Oil adsorbent materials for example, meshes, textiles, membranes, and clays, involve the capture of the collecting material to the surface of the adsorbent material, additionally attracting more attention than other technologies by being low cost and of easy manufactures. They have ideal applications mainly in industrial wastewater treatments. On the adsorbent materials category, the utilization of nanofibrous membranes is highlighted by its benefits, among them their high surface area, and by the possibility of allowing the use of different types of materials in order to adjust its permeability, its fiber diameter, its higher surface area associated to the nanofibers and its porosity. |
|---|---|
| Autores principais: | José, Maria Helena Soares de Ávila |
| Assunto: | Oil-adsorption materials Oil-absorption materials Oil-removing Water-removing Oil microdroplets Oil/water emulsions |
| Ano: | 2021 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | dissertação de mestrado |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade Nova de Lisboa |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Repositório Institucional da UNL |
| Resumo: | Catastrophic environmental problems such as oil spill accidents, industrial oily wastewater and any other type of uncontrolled release of oils into the environment are a major global issue, since it threatens marine ecosystems, animals, plants, corals and it also leads to a big economic impact. Additionally, it can also affect the public health of communities located near the polluted area. This present thesis addresses the study of different types of oil collecting methods, such as the use of materials that are environmentally friendly, cost friendly and easy to use and produce. With that in mind, the focus of this work will be to study different approaches on materials and technologies for oil/water separation, with special focus on water/oil emulsion separation. Emulsified oil/water mixtures are extremely stable dispersions being therefore more difficult to separate as the size of the droplets in the emulsion decreases. Regarding oil sorption, materials can be divided into two categories absorbent or adsorbent. Oil absorbent materials, such as sponges, foams, nanoparticles, and aerogels, can be adjusted to have both a hydrophobic and oleophilic wettability while displaying a porous structure. This can be advantageous for targeting oil spills in large scale environmental catastrophes sets, since these materials can easily absorb oil. Oil adsorbent materials for example, meshes, textiles, membranes, and clays, involve the capture of the collecting material to the surface of the adsorbent material, additionally attracting more attention than other technologies by being low cost and of easy manufactures. They have ideal applications mainly in industrial wastewater treatments. On the adsorbent materials category, the utilization of nanofibrous membranes is highlighted by its benefits, among them their high surface area, and by the possibility of allowing the use of different types of materials in order to adjust its permeability, its fiber diameter, its higher surface area associated to the nanofibers and its porosity. |
|---|