Publicação
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Lutein from the petals of Tagetes Erecta (Marigold)
| Resumo: | Parasitic nematodes affect crops and fields all around the globe. Not only do they cause diseases but also lead to loss in quality and economic value. Currently, there is a clear concern for safer, nontoxic and environmentally friendly processes and products across multiple industries, including pest control. Marigold flower is used worldwide as a natural pest controller due to its natural produced sulphurs. In the Netherlands, after its use, the flowers are picked up and discarded as plant waste used for composting. Since marigold extract, rich in the carotenoid lutein, has various other ophthalmological, pharmaceutical and food related applications, the further valorization of these resources is of great interest. Following on the idea of cleaner, safer and greener processes, supercritical extraction using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) is an attractive method, due to its ability to produce solvent-free extracts with minimum associated costs. The optimization of a supercritical extraction (SCE) was studied concerning the best conditions for extraction (pressure, temperature, solvent flow rate, duration, lutein extracted yields) as well as for the original plant powder composition (water content and color). Since darker looking powders (resulted from dried Marigold flower heads) relate to higher carotenoid concentration, they are the best choice for extracting these compounds and produce better yields. As per operational conditions, best yields were obtained around 270 bar at 40°C, with a scCO2 flow of 8kg/hr for 4 hours, with a value of 10.41%. Saponification of the extracts was carried out to quantify is lutein amount through High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The top lutein amount of 3.199wt% was recovered from the extracts made under the above-mentioned conditions from dark orange powders. A Soxhlet extraction was performed as a comparison between a conventional extraction and a green process. Even though the extraction yield was much higher (40%), its lutein composition was significantly lower (0.707%). Amounting this to the fact that it requires harmful chemicals and increased temperatures, is a reassurance that SCE is the path to follow. |
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| Autores principais: | Silva, Inês Filipa Parreira da |
| Assunto: | Marigold Pest Control Lutein Supercritical Extraction Supercritical Carbon Dioxide High Performance Liquid Chromatography |
| Ano: | 2023 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | dissertação de mestrado |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso restrito |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade Nova de Lisboa |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Repositório Institucional da UNL |
| Resumo: | Parasitic nematodes affect crops and fields all around the globe. Not only do they cause diseases but also lead to loss in quality and economic value. Currently, there is a clear concern for safer, nontoxic and environmentally friendly processes and products across multiple industries, including pest control. Marigold flower is used worldwide as a natural pest controller due to its natural produced sulphurs. In the Netherlands, after its use, the flowers are picked up and discarded as plant waste used for composting. Since marigold extract, rich in the carotenoid lutein, has various other ophthalmological, pharmaceutical and food related applications, the further valorization of these resources is of great interest. Following on the idea of cleaner, safer and greener processes, supercritical extraction using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) is an attractive method, due to its ability to produce solvent-free extracts with minimum associated costs. The optimization of a supercritical extraction (SCE) was studied concerning the best conditions for extraction (pressure, temperature, solvent flow rate, duration, lutein extracted yields) as well as for the original plant powder composition (water content and color). Since darker looking powders (resulted from dried Marigold flower heads) relate to higher carotenoid concentration, they are the best choice for extracting these compounds and produce better yields. As per operational conditions, best yields were obtained around 270 bar at 40°C, with a scCO2 flow of 8kg/hr for 4 hours, with a value of 10.41%. Saponification of the extracts was carried out to quantify is lutein amount through High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The top lutein amount of 3.199wt% was recovered from the extracts made under the above-mentioned conditions from dark orange powders. A Soxhlet extraction was performed as a comparison between a conventional extraction and a green process. Even though the extraction yield was much higher (40%), its lutein composition was significantly lower (0.707%). Amounting this to the fact that it requires harmful chemicals and increased temperatures, is a reassurance that SCE is the path to follow. |
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