Publicação
Tenoscopic examination of the digital flexor tendon sheath a retrospective analysis of 86 horses (2016)
| Resumo: | The digital flexor tendon sheath (DFTS) enfolds the digital flexor tendons and their associated structures, protecting and facilitating its movements. Tenoscopic examination of the DFTS has become a routine procedure in equine surgical practice since it is a minimal invasive technique that allows the exploration of the sheath structures with direct observation of lesions and therefore, confirmation of a diagnosis and, in some cases, early treatment. In this work, medical records of horses that underwent tenoscopic examination of the DFTS in 2016 at four different equine hospitals in the United Kingdom had their medical records reviewed. Eighty-six cases (93 DFTSs) were included in this study. There were 31% Thoroughbreds, 28% Warmbloods, 20% Coldbloods, 12% Ponies and 9% unknown. Ninety-eight percent of horses were lame at the time of clinical examination, effusion was present in 94% of the DFTSs and the hindlimbs were more frequently intervened (61%). Palmar/plantar annular ligament (PAL) constriction (43%) was the most common pathology, followed by sheath penetration (27%), and tears of the flexor tendons (24%) and manica flexoria (MF) (19%). Other diagnosis included tendonitis, infectious tenosynovitis, fibrosis, diseases of sesamoidean ligaments and ganglion cysts. Results show that PAL constriction, flexor tendon and MF tears were diagnosed more frequently in the hindlimbs (72.5%, 64% and 90%, respectively), while traumatic injuries affected more forelimbs (60%). Coldbloods and Ponies were predisposed to MF tears and PAL constriction, Warmbloods to PAL constriction and flexor tendon tears, and Thoroughbreds to traumatic injuries. Young horses (<10 years) had a higher incidence of traumatic injuries, whereas older horses (>10 years) were commonly diagnosed with MF tears and PAL constriction. Tenoscopy was of extreme importance as a diagnostic method, considering that MF tears were only identified by other diagnostic methods in 61% of cases, flexor tendon tears in 67% and PAL constriction in 53%. In conclusion, tenoscopy was proven to be a simple and useful diagnose and treatment method of DFTS pathology, even though the long term follow-up of the analysed horses was not studied. |
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| Autores principais: | Fidalgo, Sara Lourenço de Matos Sêrro |
| Assunto: | Horse tendon digital flexor tendon sheath tenoscopy cavalo tendão bainha digital dos tendões tenoscopia |
| Ano: | 2017 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | dissertação de mestrado |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade de Lisboa |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa |
| Resumo: | The digital flexor tendon sheath (DFTS) enfolds the digital flexor tendons and their associated structures, protecting and facilitating its movements. Tenoscopic examination of the DFTS has become a routine procedure in equine surgical practice since it is a minimal invasive technique that allows the exploration of the sheath structures with direct observation of lesions and therefore, confirmation of a diagnosis and, in some cases, early treatment. In this work, medical records of horses that underwent tenoscopic examination of the DFTS in 2016 at four different equine hospitals in the United Kingdom had their medical records reviewed. Eighty-six cases (93 DFTSs) were included in this study. There were 31% Thoroughbreds, 28% Warmbloods, 20% Coldbloods, 12% Ponies and 9% unknown. Ninety-eight percent of horses were lame at the time of clinical examination, effusion was present in 94% of the DFTSs and the hindlimbs were more frequently intervened (61%). Palmar/plantar annular ligament (PAL) constriction (43%) was the most common pathology, followed by sheath penetration (27%), and tears of the flexor tendons (24%) and manica flexoria (MF) (19%). Other diagnosis included tendonitis, infectious tenosynovitis, fibrosis, diseases of sesamoidean ligaments and ganglion cysts. Results show that PAL constriction, flexor tendon and MF tears were diagnosed more frequently in the hindlimbs (72.5%, 64% and 90%, respectively), while traumatic injuries affected more forelimbs (60%). Coldbloods and Ponies were predisposed to MF tears and PAL constriction, Warmbloods to PAL constriction and flexor tendon tears, and Thoroughbreds to traumatic injuries. Young horses (<10 years) had a higher incidence of traumatic injuries, whereas older horses (>10 years) were commonly diagnosed with MF tears and PAL constriction. Tenoscopy was of extreme importance as a diagnostic method, considering that MF tears were only identified by other diagnostic methods in 61% of cases, flexor tendon tears in 67% and PAL constriction in 53%. In conclusion, tenoscopy was proven to be a simple and useful diagnose and treatment method of DFTS pathology, even though the long term follow-up of the analysed horses was not studied. |
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