Publicação
The efficacy of kangaroo mother care, sucrose and pacifier to reduce responses of preterm infants to procedural pain
| Resumo: | Preterm neonates in intensive care units endure frequent procedures that may cause pain, warranting the study of interventions that will decrease this pain. The primary aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of the combination of sucrose, pacifier and kangaroo mother care (S+KMC), with that of sucrose and pacifier (S), in reducing the pain responses of preterm infants undergoing venepuncture. Secondary objectives addressed to babies in S+KMC were to examine the relationship between maternal anxiety and the pain responses of the babies; and to explore mothers’ perceptions of KMC during venepuncture. A randomized-controlled trial was conducted in two neonatal intensive care units in Portugal. One-hundred and ten preterm infants without severe illness, stratified by gestational age, were randomly assigned to receive S+KMC or S for venepuncture. Measures of pain responses were the Premature Infant Pain Profile, heart rate, oxygen saturation, facial actions, behavioral state, heart rate variability and recovery time, which were analysed with repeated-measures ANOVA. Mothers’ anxiety was measured with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Their perceptions were obtained through content analysis of semi-structured interviews. Compared to infants in S, infants in S+KMC displayed significantly less facial action; were more likely to have recovered heart rate baseline values at 60 and 90 seconds after the procedure, if they were 32 weeks gestational age and above; and changed from sleep to wake states significantly less. Maternal anxiety was low to moderate and was not correlated to specific pain responses. Mothers emphasized their feelings of wellbeing in comforting and protecting the babies. In conclusion, combining sucrose, pacifier and kangaroo mother care is effective and safe in preterm infants undergoing venepuncture for blood-draw; low to moderate levels of anxiety of mothers do not interfere with the pain responses; mothers appreciate holding the baby skin-to-skin when the infants are enduring pain. |
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| Autores principais: | Fernandes, Ananda |
| Assunto: | Dor Recém-nascidos Punção venosa Sacarose Teses de doutoramento - 2010 |
| Ano: | 2010 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | tese de doutoramento |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade de Lisboa |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa |
| Resumo: | Preterm neonates in intensive care units endure frequent procedures that may cause pain, warranting the study of interventions that will decrease this pain. The primary aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of the combination of sucrose, pacifier and kangaroo mother care (S+KMC), with that of sucrose and pacifier (S), in reducing the pain responses of preterm infants undergoing venepuncture. Secondary objectives addressed to babies in S+KMC were to examine the relationship between maternal anxiety and the pain responses of the babies; and to explore mothers’ perceptions of KMC during venepuncture. A randomized-controlled trial was conducted in two neonatal intensive care units in Portugal. One-hundred and ten preterm infants without severe illness, stratified by gestational age, were randomly assigned to receive S+KMC or S for venepuncture. Measures of pain responses were the Premature Infant Pain Profile, heart rate, oxygen saturation, facial actions, behavioral state, heart rate variability and recovery time, which were analysed with repeated-measures ANOVA. Mothers’ anxiety was measured with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Their perceptions were obtained through content analysis of semi-structured interviews. Compared to infants in S, infants in S+KMC displayed significantly less facial action; were more likely to have recovered heart rate baseline values at 60 and 90 seconds after the procedure, if they were 32 weeks gestational age and above; and changed from sleep to wake states significantly less. Maternal anxiety was low to moderate and was not correlated to specific pain responses. Mothers emphasized their feelings of wellbeing in comforting and protecting the babies. In conclusion, combining sucrose, pacifier and kangaroo mother care is effective and safe in preterm infants undergoing venepuncture for blood-draw; low to moderate levels of anxiety of mothers do not interfere with the pain responses; mothers appreciate holding the baby skin-to-skin when the infants are enduring pain. |
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