Publicação
Inoculation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Under-Vine Cover Crops for Sustainable Vineyards Development
| Resumo: | Viticulture is a major economic sector in Europe. However, the raise of new challenges, such as the new regulations towards a limitation on the use of several agrochemicals, to new market demands, and to environmental and climatic awareness, forces adaptations on viticulture practices. Shift to sustainable vineyard management practices, such as the use of cover crops and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), plant mutualistic fungi, represent an attractive approach to respond to some of the challenges of modern viticulture. In this work, the benefits of the installation of cover crops as an eco-friendly soil management technique, with special attention to under-vine cover crops are reviewed. In addition, the advantages of AMF to improve agroecosystem functions and to promote higher grapevine performance will be reviewed. On the one hand, cover crops are widely known to prevent erosion, enhance soil physical and chemical properties, including nutrient cycles, as well as soil biological diversity and activity. Furthermore, the installation of cover crops in vineyards may improve grapevine nutritional status, control their vigour, and can prevent pests and diseases by providing food and shelter to antagonists of insect pests, nematodes, and pathogens. On the other hand, AMF improve grapevine nutrition, growth, and tolerance against a variety of biotic and abiotic stress factors, such as root diseases, water stress, soil salinity, and heavy metals toxicity. The mycorrhizal extraradical mycelium that extends in the soil also contributes to ameliorate soil properties such as particle aggregation, water retention, and soil stability. Using herbaceous plants as cover crops in vineyards favours the development of AMF, and therefore, the inoculation of AMF in under-vine cover crops can represent a novel sustainable soil management practice for vineyards with low propagule content or facing soil degradation. |
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| Autores principais: | Pimentel, Carlota Cardoso de Menezes de Serpa |
| Assunto: | Grapevine (Vitis Vinifera L.) climate change vegetative cover symbiosis inoculation Videira (Vitis vinifera L.) mudanças climáticas cobertura vegetal simbiose inoculação |
| Ano: | 2022 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | dissertação de mestrado |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade de Lisboa |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa |
| Resumo: | Viticulture is a major economic sector in Europe. However, the raise of new challenges, such as the new regulations towards a limitation on the use of several agrochemicals, to new market demands, and to environmental and climatic awareness, forces adaptations on viticulture practices. Shift to sustainable vineyard management practices, such as the use of cover crops and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), plant mutualistic fungi, represent an attractive approach to respond to some of the challenges of modern viticulture. In this work, the benefits of the installation of cover crops as an eco-friendly soil management technique, with special attention to under-vine cover crops are reviewed. In addition, the advantages of AMF to improve agroecosystem functions and to promote higher grapevine performance will be reviewed. On the one hand, cover crops are widely known to prevent erosion, enhance soil physical and chemical properties, including nutrient cycles, as well as soil biological diversity and activity. Furthermore, the installation of cover crops in vineyards may improve grapevine nutritional status, control their vigour, and can prevent pests and diseases by providing food and shelter to antagonists of insect pests, nematodes, and pathogens. On the other hand, AMF improve grapevine nutrition, growth, and tolerance against a variety of biotic and abiotic stress factors, such as root diseases, water stress, soil salinity, and heavy metals toxicity. The mycorrhizal extraradical mycelium that extends in the soil also contributes to ameliorate soil properties such as particle aggregation, water retention, and soil stability. Using herbaceous plants as cover crops in vineyards favours the development of AMF, and therefore, the inoculation of AMF in under-vine cover crops can represent a novel sustainable soil management practice for vineyards with low propagule content or facing soil degradation. |
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