Publicação
Cessação tabágica em adolescentes : situação em Portugal e revisão da evidência
| Resumo: | Smoking is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of tobacco smoking in Portugal is significant, despite being inferior to other western countries. Early initiation of smoking leads to greater nicotine dependence and greater difficulty in smoking cessation. Prevention has proven results, but not absolute effectiveness. Therefore, cessation programs are needed. This review approaches the written evidence about smoking cessation in adolescence and the Portuguese situation. Scientific literature, reports and other documents were searched in various engines, and were consulted. Quitting is beneficial in adolescence, by reducing the decline in lung function, decreasing time of exposure to carcinogens and the cardiovascular risk. Smoking cessation is influenced by physical, psychological and cognitive, family and social factors. The approach should be adapted to the degree of dependence and stage of behaviour change. Government measures are essential and there is evidence that supports them, but the Portuguese anti-smoking law had divergent results in the prevalence of smoking in adolescence. Pharmacological interventions are supported by little evidence and effectiveness seems to be lower than in adults. There is evidence that several smoking cessation programs are effective, particularly the complex ones. Recommendations are made based on the data obtained to improve the intervention and research in this area. |
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| Autores principais: | Dentinho, Jorge Miguel Canha |
| Assunto: | Cessação tabágica Adolescentes Portugal |
| Ano: | 2014 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | dissertação de mestrado |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso restrito |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade de Lisboa |
| Idioma: | português |
| Origem: | Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa |
| Resumo: | Smoking is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of tobacco smoking in Portugal is significant, despite being inferior to other western countries. Early initiation of smoking leads to greater nicotine dependence and greater difficulty in smoking cessation. Prevention has proven results, but not absolute effectiveness. Therefore, cessation programs are needed. This review approaches the written evidence about smoking cessation in adolescence and the Portuguese situation. Scientific literature, reports and other documents were searched in various engines, and were consulted. Quitting is beneficial in adolescence, by reducing the decline in lung function, decreasing time of exposure to carcinogens and the cardiovascular risk. Smoking cessation is influenced by physical, psychological and cognitive, family and social factors. The approach should be adapted to the degree of dependence and stage of behaviour change. Government measures are essential and there is evidence that supports them, but the Portuguese anti-smoking law had divergent results in the prevalence of smoking in adolescence. Pharmacological interventions are supported by little evidence and effectiveness seems to be lower than in adults. There is evidence that several smoking cessation programs are effective, particularly the complex ones. Recommendations are made based on the data obtained to improve the intervention and research in this area. |
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