Publicação
Analysis of poultry trade networks to improve risk-based surveillance : a survey study in Gujarat Índia
| Resumo: | Poultry production and trading in India have been facing a spectacular growth as the demand for poultry products increases. Live bird shops (LBSs) and poultry trading practices are known risk factors in the spread of diseases within poultry production and distribution networks. Although such shops are ubiquitous in India, poultry trading practices and potential impact on disease risk are poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to characterise LBSs for Exotic Broiler (EB) and Desi species, based on trading practices likely to increase infectious risk, and to assess the connectivity between shops through the trade of live poultry. A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 86 LBSs, selected through a multi-stage sampling method. Eight cities were first purposively selected and, within each city, shops were identified using random spatial sampling. The standardised questionnaires focused on shop management characteristics, hygiene practices and details of their chicken suppliers. The suppliers were then contacted and asked about their trading practices and suppliers until catchment areas were identified. Finally, disease transmission pathways were investigated and poultry trading networks were constructed for EB chickens, to assess the connectivity between shops. Preliminary descriptive analysis suggests a high heterogeneity in the scale of operations, with daily sales ranging from 6 up to 800 and from 0 to 30 chickens, respectively for EB and Desi species. Most of the shops reported to have unsold chickens at the end of the day, with a proportion of unsold chickens reaching up to 26% and 45.2%, respectively for EB and Desi chickens. Several practices were identified as having a potential influence on disease introduction and transmission, into and within the shops. The transport of chickens from farms to shops typically involves one (85.3%) or two intermediaries (10.3%). While each city obtained chickens only from one to four districts (out of the 33 districts of Gujarat), four districts supplied more than one city. The described practices may promote pathogen amplification within Gujarat’s shops. Moreover, the network shaped by poultry movements, regarding EB chickens, connect distant poultry populations that include both tribal and non-tribal areas, increasing the risk of pathogen spread in the region. Nevertheless, most of the surveyed cities get their supplies from the closest district(s). Further investigation on risk pathways for disease transmission and identification of their geographical and socio-economic determinants are some of the next steps. |
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| Autores principais: | Sequeira, Sara Alexandra Correia |
| Assunto: | Chickens Disease risk Farming Intensification Network analysis Production and distribution network Galinhas Risco de doença Intensificação agropecuária Análise de redes Redes de Produção e Distribuição |
| Ano: | 2022 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | dissertação de mestrado |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade de Lisboa |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa |
| Resumo: | Poultry production and trading in India have been facing a spectacular growth as the demand for poultry products increases. Live bird shops (LBSs) and poultry trading practices are known risk factors in the spread of diseases within poultry production and distribution networks. Although such shops are ubiquitous in India, poultry trading practices and potential impact on disease risk are poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to characterise LBSs for Exotic Broiler (EB) and Desi species, based on trading practices likely to increase infectious risk, and to assess the connectivity between shops through the trade of live poultry. A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 86 LBSs, selected through a multi-stage sampling method. Eight cities were first purposively selected and, within each city, shops were identified using random spatial sampling. The standardised questionnaires focused on shop management characteristics, hygiene practices and details of their chicken suppliers. The suppliers were then contacted and asked about their trading practices and suppliers until catchment areas were identified. Finally, disease transmission pathways were investigated and poultry trading networks were constructed for EB chickens, to assess the connectivity between shops. Preliminary descriptive analysis suggests a high heterogeneity in the scale of operations, with daily sales ranging from 6 up to 800 and from 0 to 30 chickens, respectively for EB and Desi species. Most of the shops reported to have unsold chickens at the end of the day, with a proportion of unsold chickens reaching up to 26% and 45.2%, respectively for EB and Desi chickens. Several practices were identified as having a potential influence on disease introduction and transmission, into and within the shops. The transport of chickens from farms to shops typically involves one (85.3%) or two intermediaries (10.3%). While each city obtained chickens only from one to four districts (out of the 33 districts of Gujarat), four districts supplied more than one city. The described practices may promote pathogen amplification within Gujarat’s shops. Moreover, the network shaped by poultry movements, regarding EB chickens, connect distant poultry populations that include both tribal and non-tribal areas, increasing the risk of pathogen spread in the region. Nevertheless, most of the surveyed cities get their supplies from the closest district(s). Further investigation on risk pathways for disease transmission and identification of their geographical and socio-economic determinants are some of the next steps. |
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