Publicação
First evaluation of the use of oclacitinib in the treatment of equine asthma patiens non - responsive to glucocorticoids : equine asthma staging
| Resumo: | ABSTRACT - Equine Asthma Syndrome (EAS) represents a prevalent chronic respiratory condition. In this syndrome, neutrophils have a role in both tissue damage and clinical signs. While most of the times glucocorticoids can control Equine Asthma Syndrome (EAS) exacerbations and are considered the standard treatment, some horses show resistance, leading to therapeutic failure, and side effects. Themainobjective of this pilot study was to determine whether orally administered oclacitinib (0.25 mg/kg bwt q.d., Apoquel®16mg tablets, Zoetis1) improved the Tilley et al. (2012) score and the BAL neutrophil % in horses diagnosed with EAS by first-opinion veterinarians and referred to the equine teaching hospital of FMV/ULisboa for glucocorticoid-resistant EAS. Six privately owned horses initiated a 2 week protocol treatment with dexamethasone (stan dard treatment). At the end of this protocol, the clinical signs remained. Two weeks after, they began the new treatment protocol with oclacitinib in which they were given the oral dose of oclacitinib (mentioned above) for a period of 28 days. If clinical signs improved by day 28, the dosage continued every other day until day 56. Asthma staging, carried out using the Tilley et al. (2012) protocol, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cytology were performed on days 0 and 56. On days 28 and 180, Clinical scores were also recorded. On day 56, six horses showed an average total score improvement of 69%±34%, with sig nificant improvements in clinical (83%±37%) and endoscopic (100%±0%) scores observed at the end of the treatment, when compared to day 0. Two-thirds (n=4) of the horses showed no significant differences when switched to alternate-day dosing. Only one horse did not reach an EASstage 0 (total score ≤ 4) by day 56. BAL cytology revealed a predominance of neutrophils in all samples on day 0, with a 30% average decrease after two months of treatment. These findings suggest that oclacitinib improves clinical signs in horses with glucocorticoid resistant EAS when environmental allergen exposure is controlled. No significant differences in leukogram values were detected over 6 months of follow up period. Further studies are still needed to confirm its efficacy and long-term safety |
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| Autores principais: | Ferreira, Mariana Maia |
| Assunto: | Equine Asthma Syndrome Horses GC resistance Neutrophils Oclacitinib Síndrome de Asma Equina Cavalos Resistência a glucocorticoides Neutrófilos Oclacitinib |
| Ano: | 2025 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | dissertação de mestrado |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso embargado |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade de Lisboa |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa |
| Resumo: | ABSTRACT - Equine Asthma Syndrome (EAS) represents a prevalent chronic respiratory condition. In this syndrome, neutrophils have a role in both tissue damage and clinical signs. While most of the times glucocorticoids can control Equine Asthma Syndrome (EAS) exacerbations and are considered the standard treatment, some horses show resistance, leading to therapeutic failure, and side effects. Themainobjective of this pilot study was to determine whether orally administered oclacitinib (0.25 mg/kg bwt q.d., Apoquel®16mg tablets, Zoetis1) improved the Tilley et al. (2012) score and the BAL neutrophil % in horses diagnosed with EAS by first-opinion veterinarians and referred to the equine teaching hospital of FMV/ULisboa for glucocorticoid-resistant EAS. Six privately owned horses initiated a 2 week protocol treatment with dexamethasone (stan dard treatment). At the end of this protocol, the clinical signs remained. Two weeks after, they began the new treatment protocol with oclacitinib in which they were given the oral dose of oclacitinib (mentioned above) for a period of 28 days. If clinical signs improved by day 28, the dosage continued every other day until day 56. Asthma staging, carried out using the Tilley et al. (2012) protocol, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cytology were performed on days 0 and 56. On days 28 and 180, Clinical scores were also recorded. On day 56, six horses showed an average total score improvement of 69%±34%, with sig nificant improvements in clinical (83%±37%) and endoscopic (100%±0%) scores observed at the end of the treatment, when compared to day 0. Two-thirds (n=4) of the horses showed no significant differences when switched to alternate-day dosing. Only one horse did not reach an EASstage 0 (total score ≤ 4) by day 56. BAL cytology revealed a predominance of neutrophils in all samples on day 0, with a 30% average decrease after two months of treatment. These findings suggest that oclacitinib improves clinical signs in horses with glucocorticoid resistant EAS when environmental allergen exposure is controlled. No significant differences in leukogram values were detected over 6 months of follow up period. Further studies are still needed to confirm its efficacy and long-term safety |
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