Publicação
Multidrug resistance in liver cancer
| Resumo: | The acquisition of resistance to diverse chemotherapeutic agents by tumor cells is known as multidrug resistance which is a serious health problem that in many cases leads to cancer treatment failure. Annually, more than 500,000 patients are diagnosed with liver cancer worldwide, and the Hepatocellular carcinoma contribute for almost 90% of all cases. Cholangiocarcinoma (CGC), primary liver angiosarcoma, hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, hemangiopericytoma and primary hepatic lymphoma are the other hepatic malignancies diagnosed. The existence of cancer stem cellS (CSCs) in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) partially explains HCC heterogeneity, HCC metastasis/recurrence after resection and chemotherapeutic resistance of advanced HCC cells. Thereby, identification of signaling pathways as well as stem cell markers activated in liver CSCs will profoundly affect the development of novel liver cancer diagnosis and treatment strategies. There are distinct resistance mechanisms that have been studied minutely, and for a better understanding were subdivided according to their mode of action. Specifically, mechanisms of chemoresistance have been classified based on their role in drug uptake (1a) or efflux (1b), intracellular drug metabolism (2), changes in the expression/function of molecular targets (3), changes in the DNA repair machinery (4), reduced activation of apoptosis (5a), and enhanced expression/activity of antiapoptotic proteins (5b). To reach a higher probability of success, a better understanding of the molecular bases of mechanisms of chemoresistance is required to overpass the lack of response to available drugs. Over the last few years, new drugs have been developed with the aim of acting on several aspects of cancer biology. In this field, marine natural products, particularly, have evidenced a significant potential. |
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| Autores principais: | Machado, John Peter Rodrigues |
| Assunto: | Chemoresistance Liver Cancer Hepatic cancer stem cells Mechanisms of Chemoresistance Mestrado Integrado - 2016 |
| Ano: | 2016 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | dissertação de mestrado |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso restrito |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade de Lisboa |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa |
| Resumo: | The acquisition of resistance to diverse chemotherapeutic agents by tumor cells is known as multidrug resistance which is a serious health problem that in many cases leads to cancer treatment failure. Annually, more than 500,000 patients are diagnosed with liver cancer worldwide, and the Hepatocellular carcinoma contribute for almost 90% of all cases. Cholangiocarcinoma (CGC), primary liver angiosarcoma, hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, hemangiopericytoma and primary hepatic lymphoma are the other hepatic malignancies diagnosed. The existence of cancer stem cellS (CSCs) in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) partially explains HCC heterogeneity, HCC metastasis/recurrence after resection and chemotherapeutic resistance of advanced HCC cells. Thereby, identification of signaling pathways as well as stem cell markers activated in liver CSCs will profoundly affect the development of novel liver cancer diagnosis and treatment strategies. There are distinct resistance mechanisms that have been studied minutely, and for a better understanding were subdivided according to their mode of action. Specifically, mechanisms of chemoresistance have been classified based on their role in drug uptake (1a) or efflux (1b), intracellular drug metabolism (2), changes in the expression/function of molecular targets (3), changes in the DNA repair machinery (4), reduced activation of apoptosis (5a), and enhanced expression/activity of antiapoptotic proteins (5b). To reach a higher probability of success, a better understanding of the molecular bases of mechanisms of chemoresistance is required to overpass the lack of response to available drugs. Over the last few years, new drugs have been developed with the aim of acting on several aspects of cancer biology. In this field, marine natural products, particularly, have evidenced a significant potential. |
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