Publicação
Mecanismo oncológico de escape à vigilância do sistema imunitário
| Resumo: | Neoplasms are currently the second main cause of death in the world, preceded only by heart disease. However it is the major cause of death in people over 85 years. With life expectancy increasing, it becomes crucial to understand the mechanisms used by tumor cells to thrive and escape the host defence mechanisms, thereby developing increasingly directed and effective therapies. The idea of surveillance of tumor cells by the immune system arose in the early twentieth century and has evolved over time and being now considered an important protective process against carcinogenesis. Based on the interaction between the immune system and the tumor cells, the concept of "cancer immunoediting" was proposed. This new concept includes three steps: elimination, equilibrium and escape. The new transformed cells can be eliminated by the innate response as by natural killer (NK) cells; during tumor progression T lymphocytes can cause an acquired response; and finally tumor factors can facilitate immune escape. This paper aims to review the main mechanisms of immune escape employed by tumor cells in order to grow and metastasize. |
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| Autores principais: | Mendes, Micael José Vilelas |
| Assunto: | Neoplasias Sistema imunitário Vigilância imunológica |
| Ano: | 2014 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | dissertação de mestrado |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso restrito |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade de Lisboa |
| Idioma: | português |
| Origem: | Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa |
| Resumo: | Neoplasms are currently the second main cause of death in the world, preceded only by heart disease. However it is the major cause of death in people over 85 years. With life expectancy increasing, it becomes crucial to understand the mechanisms used by tumor cells to thrive and escape the host defence mechanisms, thereby developing increasingly directed and effective therapies. The idea of surveillance of tumor cells by the immune system arose in the early twentieth century and has evolved over time and being now considered an important protective process against carcinogenesis. Based on the interaction between the immune system and the tumor cells, the concept of "cancer immunoediting" was proposed. This new concept includes three steps: elimination, equilibrium and escape. The new transformed cells can be eliminated by the innate response as by natural killer (NK) cells; during tumor progression T lymphocytes can cause an acquired response; and finally tumor factors can facilitate immune escape. This paper aims to review the main mechanisms of immune escape employed by tumor cells in order to grow and metastasize. |
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