Publicação
Physical fitness and cardiovascular health in college students: a cross-sectional study
| Resumo: | The general objective of this study was to investigate the effects of physical fitness on cardiovascular risk and the perception of quality of life and health levels in young college students. Three studies have been developed since 2015-2019. The first study is a systematic review to understand the state of the art, analyzing the association of physical fitness with risk factors for cardiovascular disease in young college students. The searches were performed in the MIDELINE databases with the descriptors: "physical fitness" and "cardiovascular risk" associated with the words "students" and "university". Articles published from 2007 to 2017 of observational epidemiological type in the English language were included. Four crosssectional quantitative studies were selected according to specific eligibility criteria according to the preferred report items for systematic analysis and meta-analysis protocol. Different authors, including the assessment of risk of study bias and the classification of the strength of evidence, performed data extraction independently. The results showed that young college students have shown a sedentary behavior and low aerobic fitness, with high levels of dyslipidemia, central obesity, also high blood pressure levels, thus characterizing various risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In the second and third study, the sample consisted of 90 young university students, 23 men and 67 women. Univariate and multivariate statistics were performed using the SPSS 21 program. As a result, it was shown that most participants were physically active. Anthropometric variables and systolic blood pressure showed a positive correlation (p <0.05), in contrast, diastolic blood pressure showed no positive correlation (p> 0.05). The heart rate test behaved linearly in its correlation with the anthropometric variables (p <0.05). A positive correlation was observed between oximetry and waist-hip ratio (R = 0.35; p = 0.001). Physical activity levels did not influence the quality of life sub-items, Excessive daytime sleepiness and symptoms of fatigue, as well as comparing in gender the level of physical activity (p = 0.99), daytime sleepiness (p = 0.74) and fatigue ( p = 0.96) between gender, there was no statistically significant difference, but in a linear regression it was noticed that excessive daytime sleepiness negatively affected functional capacity (p = 0.01, r = -0.25), general health ( p = 0.001, r = - 0.35), vitality (p = 0.004, r = -0.30), social aspects (p = 0.008, r = -0.27), limitations for emotional aspects (p = 0.02, r = -0.24) and mental health (p = 0.000, r = -0.36) analysis of quality of life and fatigue affected emotional aspects (p = 0.04) equally in both genders. The body mass index was similar between genders, in waist circumference (84.1 ± 10.3 vs. 74.7 ± 9.0) (p = 0.000), waist- hip ratio (0.83 ± 0.1 vs. 0.74 ± 0.05, p = 0.000). In addition, neck circumference (38.5 ± 2.1 vs. 33.0 ± 2.2, p = 0.000) men had higher results than women did even though they were more active than women were. The findings of both studies demonstrate that daily physical activity levels are a protective factor against the emergence and development of risks for chronic noncommunicable diseases. One of the most important protective factors to be observed is waist circumference. The results are incipient and attributable to the fact that the sample size is unsatisfactory, suggesting to replicate the same with larger populations in this way about the prevalence of risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases in young adults needs further clarification. |
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| Autores principais: | Andrade, Rosane de Almeida |
| Assunto: | Cardiovascular risk young college student |
| Ano: | 2020 |
| País: | Portugal |
| Tipo de documento: | tese de doutoramento |
| Tipo de acesso: | acesso aberto |
| Instituição associada: | Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro |
| Idioma: | inglês |
| Origem: | Repositório da UTAD |
| Resumo: | The general objective of this study was to investigate the effects of physical fitness on cardiovascular risk and the perception of quality of life and health levels in young college students. Three studies have been developed since 2015-2019. The first study is a systematic review to understand the state of the art, analyzing the association of physical fitness with risk factors for cardiovascular disease in young college students. The searches were performed in the MIDELINE databases with the descriptors: "physical fitness" and "cardiovascular risk" associated with the words "students" and "university". Articles published from 2007 to 2017 of observational epidemiological type in the English language were included. Four crosssectional quantitative studies were selected according to specific eligibility criteria according to the preferred report items for systematic analysis and meta-analysis protocol. Different authors, including the assessment of risk of study bias and the classification of the strength of evidence, performed data extraction independently. The results showed that young college students have shown a sedentary behavior and low aerobic fitness, with high levels of dyslipidemia, central obesity, also high blood pressure levels, thus characterizing various risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In the second and third study, the sample consisted of 90 young university students, 23 men and 67 women. Univariate and multivariate statistics were performed using the SPSS 21 program. As a result, it was shown that most participants were physically active. Anthropometric variables and systolic blood pressure showed a positive correlation (p <0.05), in contrast, diastolic blood pressure showed no positive correlation (p> 0.05). The heart rate test behaved linearly in its correlation with the anthropometric variables (p <0.05). A positive correlation was observed between oximetry and waist-hip ratio (R = 0.35; p = 0.001). Physical activity levels did not influence the quality of life sub-items, Excessive daytime sleepiness and symptoms of fatigue, as well as comparing in gender the level of physical activity (p = 0.99), daytime sleepiness (p = 0.74) and fatigue ( p = 0.96) between gender, there was no statistically significant difference, but in a linear regression it was noticed that excessive daytime sleepiness negatively affected functional capacity (p = 0.01, r = -0.25), general health ( p = 0.001, r = - 0.35), vitality (p = 0.004, r = -0.30), social aspects (p = 0.008, r = -0.27), limitations for emotional aspects (p = 0.02, r = -0.24) and mental health (p = 0.000, r = -0.36) analysis of quality of life and fatigue affected emotional aspects (p = 0.04) equally in both genders. The body mass index was similar between genders, in waist circumference (84.1 ± 10.3 vs. 74.7 ± 9.0) (p = 0.000), waist- hip ratio (0.83 ± 0.1 vs. 0.74 ± 0.05, p = 0.000). In addition, neck circumference (38.5 ± 2.1 vs. 33.0 ± 2.2, p = 0.000) men had higher results than women did even though they were more active than women were. The findings of both studies demonstrate that daily physical activity levels are a protective factor against the emergence and development of risks for chronic noncommunicable diseases. One of the most important protective factors to be observed is waist circumference. The results are incipient and attributable to the fact that the sample size is unsatisfactory, suggesting to replicate the same with larger populations in this way about the prevalence of risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases in young adults needs further clarification. |
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